AP CHEm unit4

chemical changes

production of precipitate, color change, gas production(bubbles) change in energy(light temp sound)

Complete ionic equation

Aqueous compounds are seperated into cations and anions(just remember to show the charge symbol) ALSO SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS YOU KEEP TOGETHER

spectator ions

these are the ones that don’t form the solid. IN a NET IONIC equation when omitting the spectator ions the element that is part of the compound solid produced should not be omitted in the reactant side (left side)

mixture

product with same states of matter but different in other ways

compound

products with different states of matter

to find the amount of excess reactant left over

after finding the excess reactant multiply the original moles times the ratio of excess reactants coefficient over the limiting reactants coefficient then after getting that answer say X you then subtract the excess reactants original moles by X.

galvanic/voltaic

systems where electrical energy is generated through chemical reaction

electrolytic cells

electrical energy is used to power the chemical reaction