Art + History of Madrid: Test 1 Review

Who were the Visigoths and what do they have to do with Toledo?

A germanic people who traveled west and settled in the Iberian Peninsula and southern France. Toledo became capital of the visigothic kingdom (after it shifted from Toulouse).

When and by whom was Madrid founded?

Madrid was founded by the muslims of Al-Andalus, it was first mentioned in 856 and in 900 Mohammed ordered the constuction of the city walls

What artifact(s) from Madrid’s founding are still visible today in the city?

the former city walls, located in a small park next to the almudena cathedral

Why was Madrid originally founded at the place where it is today?

It is on high ground, next to a water source and located in a contested territory that muslims need

What does Madrid’s foundation have to do with the so-called ‘Reconquista’?

it was in a contested area and vital to maintaining muslim control of the iberian penninsula

What do we understand under the term “Mudejar Art”?

What do we understand under the term “Mozarab Art”?

Why do some scholars characterize large parts of the visual arts of the Medieval

Period as ‘biblia pauperum’ – what is meant by that?

Bust

Statue

Statuette

Relief

1.

Alminar

2.

Sahn

3.

Haram

4.

Quibla

5.

Masura

6.

Mithrab

Mihrab

the focus for prayer, usually a niche in the center of the Qibla

Masura

Special enclosure for the rule + entourage

Qibla

direction for praying facing Mecca

Haram

prayer room where the faithful gather

Alminar

tower structure from which the call to prayer sounds

Mimbar

high pulpit in a mosque, to the right of the Mihrab

Imam

religious leader of a mosque

what is a sahn

a patio

what directions do most churches face? (choir/apse)

east

dark blue

tower

red

narthex

light blue

aisle (s)

dark orange

nave

light green

transept

dark green

crossing

yellow

choir

peach/light orange

apse

light purple

ambulatory

dark purple

radiating chapels

3.

western facade

14.

flying buttresses

15.

rose window

16.

spire

where are pinnacles located?

on top of flying buttresses

where are rose windows located?

on the transept

what is a clerestory window?

highest row of windows that let in light from the outside

tracery

what is the gallery?

upper story above the aisle, underneath the clerestory windows

what is a triforium?

gallery located above the aisles and below the clerestory windows of the nave/choir/transept that consists of three arches and often a tracery

Fundamentals of Gothic Architecture

pointed arches

ribbed vaults

clustered columns

flying buttresses

ambulatory with radiating chapels in choir

large clerestory windows

stained glass