Basics of the Nervous System - The Cells of the Nervous System (round 1)

What are 4 major components of the neuron?

dendrites, cell body(soma), axon, terminals

What is the ratio between neurons and glia?

1:1 but it varies

Name 5 types of glial cells.

Astrocytes, Oligodendrocytes, Shwann Cells, Microglia, Ependymal Cells

What is the main function of oligodendrocytes/schwann cells?

providing a myelin sheath

What are microglia?

specialised immune cells, type of macrophage only found in CNS

What do microglia do in order to scan the local environment?

rapidly change their processes

Where are ependymal cells found?

lining the brain’s ventricles

What type of glial cells allow for neuroregeneration?

ependymal cells

What does tropic mean?

hormones that stimulate glands to make other hormones

What does trophic mean?

factors that stimulate the growth of other cells

What is the difference between efferent and afferent?

afferent neurons run from the periphery to CNS

efferent neurons run from the CNS to the periphery

What are CNS nerve cell body groups called?

nuclei/fields

What are PNS nerve cell body groups called?

ganglia

What are nerve tracts?

bundles of nerve axons

Where are interneurons located?

only in CNS

What are two types of interneurons?

local interneuron, projection interneuron

What is the function of neuroendocrine cells?

releasing hormones into blood to influence organs