GCSE WJEC Biology- microbes, disease and defence

AGAINST children vaccination

• dont always work

• can sometimes have a bad reaction

• worry about links to other conditions

FOR children vaccination

protect them + prevents epidemics

micro-organisms that cause harm

pathogens

vaccine

• protect against bacteria + virus

• contains antigens from disease causing organism to create antibodies

• protects from infection by stimulating the immune response

against animal experiment

• causes excessive suffering to animals

• benefits to humans aren’t proven

in favour of animal experiments

acceptable if

• suffering minimized

• human benefit gained (can’t be obtained w other methods)

how to control MRSA

assist body in fighting it (control temp) since cant do anything else

overuse of antibiotics cause

antibiotic resistant bacteria e.g MRSA

how antibiotics work

kills infecting bacteria preventing growth

antibiotics made of

fungi

platelets

make blood clot to seal wound so blood loss reduced + less likely organisms enter blood

diseases spread by

contact + body fluids

lymphocytes

kill micro-organisms by producing antibodies

antigens

molecules of protein found on all cells

which microbe can only reproduce inside a host cell?

virus

which microbe reproduces by dividing into two?

bacteria

protists cause

malaria

viruses causes… + prevention

causes AIDS

antibiotics have no effects- drugs can control some

fungi causes… antibiotic work?

causes ringworm- antibiotics have no effect

bacteria causes… + prevention

cause chlamydia- killed using antibiotics

pathogen examples (4)

• bacteria

• virus

• fungi

• protists

bacteria

virus