Structural Analysis Introduction

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refers to a system of connected parts used to support a load. As engineers, we must account for its safety, aesthetics, and serviceability, while taking into consideration economic and environmental constraints.

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1

refers to a system of connected parts used to support a load. As engineers, we must account for its safety, aesthetics, and serviceability, while taking into consideration economic and environmental constraints.

Structure

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2

is the science and art of planning, designing, and constructing safe and economical structures that will serve their intended purposes.

Structural engineering

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3

is an integral part of any structural engineering project, its function being the prediction of the performance of the proposed structure.

Structural analysis

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4
<p>composed of flexible steel cables are frequently employed to support bridges and long-span roofs.</p>

composed of flexible steel cables are frequently employed to support bridges and long-span roofs.

Tension Structure

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5
<p>are straight members subjected to axially compressive loads. When a straight member is subjected to lateral loads and/or moments in addition to axial loads, it is called a beam-column.</p>

are straight members subjected to axially compressive loads. When a straight member is subjected to lateral loads and/or moments in addition to axial loads, it is called a beam-column.

Compression Structures - Columns

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<p>is a curved structure, with a shape similar to that of an inverted cable. Such structures are frequently used to support bridges and long-span roofs.</p>

is a curved structure, with a shape similar to that of an inverted cable. Such structures are frequently used to support bridges and long-span roofs.

Compression Structures - Arcs

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7
<p>are composed of straight members connected at their ends by hinged connections to form a stable configuration.</p>

are composed of straight members connected at their ends by hinged connections to form a stable configuration.

Trusses

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8
<p>such as reinforced concrete shear walls, are used inmultistory buildings to reduce lateral movements due to wind loads and earthquake excitations.</p>

such as reinforced concrete shear walls, are used inmultistory buildings to reduce lateral movements due to wind loads and earthquake excitations.

Shear structures

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9

Some of the most used structures, such as beams, rigid frames, slabs, and plates, can be classified as

Bending Structure

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10
<p>is a straight member that is loaded perpendicular to its longitudinal axis.</p>

is a straight member that is loaded perpendicular to its longitudinal axis.

Beam

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11

are composed of straight members connected either by rigid (moment-resisting) connections or by hinged connections to form stable configurations.

Rigid frames

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12

The design of horizontal members or beams of rectangular frames is often governed by

bending and shear stresses

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13

are gravity loads of constant magnitudes and fixed positions that act permanently on the structure.

Dead loads

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14

are loads of varying magnitudes and/or positions caused using the structure.

Live loads

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15

induced mainly by wind and earthquakes, are called the lateral loads

Horizontal loads

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16

It is produced by the flow of wind around the structure. The magnitudes of wind load that may act on a structure depend on the:

• geographical location of the structure
• obstructions in its surrounding terrain, such as nearby buildings
• the geometry and the vibrational characteristics of the
structure itself.

Wind loads

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17

It is the horizontal component of ground motion that causes structural damage and that must be considered in designs of structures located in earthquake-prone areas.

Earthquake loads

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18

The portion of the slab area whose load is carried by a particular member is called the

tributary area of the member.

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19

For floor systems with a beam length to spacing ratio of greater than 2.0 (L/s > 2.0)

ONE- WAY SLAB SYSTEM

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For floor systems with a beam length to spacing ratio less than or equal to 2.0 ( L/s ≤ 2.0)

TWO- WAY SLAB SYSTEM

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