Earth Day 2 -3

What is the earth made of? (outside/inside)

naturally formed for the most part

formed from matter —> perodic table (usually in compounds)

more iron, nickel —> denser or heavier

What caused the difference with outside and inside

temprature changing

Why is the inside hotter?

1. constant friction as material rise/fall

2. radioactive elements in earth will slowly release radiation/heat

3. left over heat from formation

4. lated heat (liquid —> solid)

5. gravitational heating due to the size of moon (u can think of stretching play-doh, it gets warmer overtime)

Layers of earth

crust - ocean or continental and is thin

mantle - malleable solid

outercore - pressure is less compared to inner resulting in metal being liquid

inner core - very high pressure which causes metal to maintain their form (solid)

Why is inner heat important for the outside of earth?

1. cuz of convention, gases can be pushed upwards to add to the atmosphere

   1. crust breaks and moves to distribute heat from mantle

What part of the earth creates magnetic field? Why?

1. outter core

2. liquid metal creates electron which creates the field around earth

   1. mag. field supports atmosphere, water, life on the outside Earth

Why is it hard to know what is happening inside earth?

1. we haven’t been —> impossible to get there

   1. heat

Universe composition

5% ordinary matter and within that mostly hydrogen and helium are present.

95% other stuff

Earth composition

100% matter mostly iron, oxygen, and silicon

Earth’s crust’s composition

contains mostly oxygen and silicon (there is less iron and heavy metals)

SiO₂

Silicon dioxide —> Quartz

What do atoms usually not do?

they don’t occur in their elemental form but will combine (react chemically) to form compounds containing many elements.

This creates mixtures of compounds that exist around Earth’s crust.

This creates mixtures of compounds that exist around earth’s crust

Minerals

compounds within earth’s crust (not a mixture yet)

Rules of Minerals

1. naturally occurring (not living or once living)

2. inorganic (not living or once living)

3. solid

4. crystaline structure (atoms are arranged in repeated pattern)

5. specific chemical composition

Name a specific chemical composition

Quartz (SiO₂)