7.5.4 Role of Biotechnology

What is mycoprotein and how is it produced?

Mycoprotein is a protein-rich food made by the fungus Fusarium, grown on glucose syrup in aerobic conditions, harvested and purified for consumption.

Why is mycoprotein considered sustainable?

It reduces land use compared to rearing animals and lowers methane emissions since cows are not needed.

What are the benefits of mycoprotein for diet?

It is suitable for vegetarians and provides a protein-rich food source.

How is insulin produced using biotechnology?

Genetically modified bacteria produce insulin, which is then harvested and purified for medical use in treating diabetes.

What are the advantages of genetically modifying crops?

They can be made resistant to pests or extreme weather conditions, increasing yields, and can be modified to improve nutritional value (e.g., Golden Rice provides extra vitamins).