APUSH Unit 3 - Vocab

Thomas Jefferson

3^rd president of the U.S. (1) democratic republican (1) made the Louisiana Purchase (1) author of the Declaration of Independence (1) architect of University of Virginia (1) thought the government had to much power (1) loved the “common man” (1) believed in a “strict” interpretation of the Constitution (1)

Alexander Hamilton

one of the authors of the Federalist Papers (1) secretary of treasury in the first two administrations (1) helped to establish the nations’ economic policies (1) supported the industrial North (1) and a loose interpretation of the Constitution (1)

The Jay Treaty

treaty in which Britain agreed to evacuate its posts on the western frontier (1) pay for recently confiscated American ships (1) trade with British India (1) and use ports in the West Indies (1) but did not address the issue of British impressment of American sailors (1)

Whiskey Rebellion

farmers in Western Pennsylvania (1) angered over tax (1) which would make grain unprofitable (1) grain was distilled into liquors for transport which was taxed (1) farmers rebelled but were controlled by Washington’s militia peacefully (1)

Louisiana Purchase

the purchase of the area known as the Louisiana Territory (1) from the French (1) for 15 million dollars (1) in 1803 (1)

“War Hawks”

republicans elected to Congress in 1810 (1) that wanted war with Britain (1) they were led by John Calhoun (1) and Henry Clay (1)

1807 Embargo Act

prohibited American merchant ships from sailing to any foreign port (1) this hurt the American economy (1) much more than it did Great Britain’s (1)

Non-Intercourse Act

 declared that the U.S. could trade with all nations’ (1) except Britain and France (1)

Macon’s Bill No. 2

  1810 (1) bill that restored trade with Britain and France (1) however if either decided to disrespect U.S. neutral rights at sea (1) the U.S. would prohibit trade with that nations (1)

Missouri Compromise of 1820

 dispute over whether Missouri (1) should be admitted as a slave state or free state (1) solved when Maine was admitted as a free state (1) and Missouri as a slave state (1) preserving the balance between slave and free states representatives in Congress (1)

McCulloch v. Maryland

established the doctrine of national supremacy (1) which is a constitutional doctrine (1) that states whenever conflict occurs between legitimate actions of state and national government (1) the national government wins (1)

Fletcher v. Peck

case involving land fraud (1) where Justice Marshall ruled (1) that a state could not pass legislation (1) invalidating a contract (1) this was the first time the Supreme Court declared a state law unconstitutional (1)

 Eli Whitney

inventor of the cotton gin (1) which separated seeds from cotton (1) introduced the idea of interchangeable parts (1)

Francis Cabot Lowell

 observed British textile mills (1) and copied their plans (machines, layout) (1) and built an entire town at Lowell, Mass. (1) most workers were young unmarried women (1)

Monroe Doctrine

 1823 (1) American continents will not be colonized in the future (1) Latin American nations would remain independent (1) respect current European claims (1) no transfer of colony from one nation to another (1)

 2^nd Great Awakening

 religious revival (1) which swept through the US (1) in the early decades of the 19^th century (1)