Topic 1: The classification of organic mental syndromes

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Define OMS

Mental syndromes arising from a brain dysfunxn, damage or a physical cause

Define OMS DSM IV

An illness caused by a specific agent producing structural change within the brain that is usually associated with a mental deficit or impairment

What are the two main types of OMS?

• Delirium(acute)

• Demenia(chronic)

Define delirium

The behavioural, cognitive and emotional manifestation of a metabolic problem within the neuroglial matter.

What are the OMS according to ICD 10

• Dementia

• Organic amnestic syndrome

• Delirium

• Other mental disorders caused by brain lesion and dysfunction or somatic disorder (eg Organic hallucinosis, organic catatonia, organic delusional disorder, organic mood disorder, organic anxiety disorder, etc.)

How can causes of OMS be classified?

• CNS causes

• outside CNS

• drugs

What are the CNS causes?

• Neurodegeneration

• cerebrovasc prob

• inflamation, tumor

• demyelination

• epilepsy

• trauma

• other

What are the outside CNS causes?

• endocrine

• metabolic probs

• cardiovasc probs

• nutritional deficiencies

• infxn

what are the drug causes?

Intoxication or withdrawal from alcohol, illegal drugs, medication

How can OMS be classified neurologically?

• acute or chronic

• diffuse or focal

• by the lobes eg frontal, temporal, parietal

what are the xteristics of frontal lobe syndromes?

• apathy

• disinhibition

• lack of initiation & sponteneity

• issues w motivation & preservation

• impulsivity

what are the xteristics of temporal lobe syndromes?

• affective

• agression,

• fear,

• explosion,

• psychosis,

• disorientation

what are the xteristics of parietal lobe syndromes?

gnostic and cognitive dysfunctions eg

• alexia(inability to comprehend written language)

• acalculia( inability to calculate)

• agraphia(inability to write)

• apraxias (unable to perform tasks or movements when asked, even though: The request or command is understood.)