Civil Liberties Amendments and SCOTUS Cases

These flashcards cover key civil liberties amendments and significant Supreme Court cases in American history.

Schenck v. United States

A case dealing with the free speech clause of the 1st amendment, which ruled that speech posing a 'clear and present danger' is not protected.

Scott v. Sandford

A case determining that slaves are not citizens and cannot sue for their freedom.

Mapp v. Ohio

Established the exclusionary rule by holding that evidence collected in violation of the 4th amendment is inadmissible in court.

Plessy v. Ferguson

Held that separate but equal segregation is constitutional under the 14th amendment.

Church of the Lukumi Babalu Aye Inc. v. City of Hialeah

Ruled that laws prohibiting animal sacrifice impinged on the free exercise clause of the 1st amendment.

Tinker v. Des Moines

Confirmed the right to symbolic speech for students under the 1st amendment, ruling a school policy punishing armbands unconstitutional.

Engel v. Vitale

Declared unconstitutional a law requiring voluntary school prayer as it breached the wall between church and state.

Brown v. Board of Education

Overturned Plessy v. Ferguson, ruling that separate but equal is not constitutional, leading to the desegregation of public schools.

Gitlow v. New York

Held that the free speech clause of the 1st amendment applies to the states through selective incorporation.

Wisconsin v. Yoder

Determined that the Amish's practice of withdrawing their children from school is protected under the free exercise clause.

Korematsu v. US

Upheld the internment of Japanese Americans during WWII as a war measure that superseded individual rights.

McDonald v. Chicago

Incorporated the right to bear arms under the 2nd amendment to the states.

Roe v. Wade

Established a woman's right to privacy extends to abortion.

Planned Parenthood v. Casey

Ruled that laws imposing an 'undue burden' on abortion rights are unconstitutional.

Obergefell v. Hodges

Legalized same-sex marriage across the United States, ruling bans unconstitutional under the 14th amendment.

Gideon v. Wainwright

Incorporated the right to counsel under the 6th amendment, requiring states to provide lawyers for defendants who cannot afford one.

1st Amendment

Guarantees the five freedoms: religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition.

2nd Amendment

Protects the right to bear arms.

4th Amendment

Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures.

5th Amendment

Includes rights like grand jury, double jeopardy prohibition, and self-incrimination protection.

6th Amendment

Ensures the right to a speedy and public trial.

8th Amendment

Prohibits cruel and unusual punishment and excessive bail.

14th Amendment

Includes due process and equal protection clauses, ensuring protections apply to all citizens.