Unit 2 Test

Adhesion

The attractive force between two bodies of different substances that are in contact with each other.

Cohesion

The force that holds molecules of a single material together.

Polarity

A property of a system in which two points have opposite characteristics, such as charges or magnetic poles.

Sublimation

The change of state from a solid directly to a gas.

Transpiration

The process by which plants release water vapor into the air through the stoma.

Water Table

The upper surface of underground water; the upper boundary of the zone of saturation.

Watershed

the area of land that is drained by a river system.

Aquifer

A body of rock or sediment that stores groundwater and allows the flow of groundwater.

Upwelling

The movement of deep, cold, and nutrient-rich water to the surface.

Potable

Water that is suitable to drink.

Water Cycle

the continuous movement of water between the atmosphere, the land, oceans, and living things.

Porosity

a measure of the amount of open spaces between the particles of rock and soil

Cohesion and polarity

properties of water that allows it to form droplets when in liquid form and caused the water to hold together in the penny activity

Chemical Pollution

when fertilizers and pesticides make their way into water systems, which type of pollution has taken place

Coriolis Effect

factor that causes surface currents north and south of the equator to move in different directions

Groundwater

Water that moves under Earth's surface to fill in open spaces in rocks or soil

Tributaries, rivers, river systems

river processes ordered smallest to largest

high porosity and high permeablity

type of rock layer that would recharge more quickly than others

Convection Current

movement of matter that results from differences in density; may be vertical, circular, or cyclical

Point Source

type of pollution that comes from only one source

Eutrophication

an increase in the amount of nutrients in water

Non-Point Source Pollution

pollution that comes from many different sources

Tributary

a small creek flowing into a larger river

Convection Currents

main cause of deep ocean currents

Global Winds

main cause of surface currents

Surface Water

rivers, lakes, and streams are this type of water

Water Molecule

2 positive hydrogen and 1 negative oxygen atoms

evaporation, condensation, and precipitation

Name the 3 main steps of the water cycle and be able to draw it

groundwater supply is likely low

area's water rate of discharge exceeds rate of recharge

continental deflection, global winds, and Coriolis effect

3 factors that affect surface ocean currents

evaporation, sublimation, and transpiration

3 ways water reaches the atmosphere

evaporation

process that accounts for most of the water in the atmopshere