history ww1

Otto Von Bismarck

German Chancellor who unified Germany using 'Blood and Iron'.

2nd Reich

The German Empire, established in 1871.

William I

First Kaiser of unified Germany.

Giuseppe Mazzini

Italian nationalist, founder of Young Italy.

Young Italy

Political movement aiming for Italian unification.

Camillo Cavour

Prime Minister of Sardinia, key in unifying Italy.

Giuseppe Garibaldi

Led the Red Shirts to help unify Italy.

Victor Emmanuel

First King of a united Italy.

The Hapsburgs

Austrian ruling family, controlled vast territories.

Dual Monarchy

Austria-Hungary, ruled by Franz Joseph.

Franz Joseph

Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary.

Ottoman Empire

Known as 'The Sick Man of Europe'.

David Livingstone

British explorer and missionary in Africa.

Cecil Rhodes

British imperialist who promoted expansion in Africa.

King Leopold II

Belgian king responsible for atrocities in the Congo.

Shaka Zulu

Leader of the Zulu Kingdom, resisted British and Boers.

Boers

Dutch settlers in South Africa, fought Britain.

Menelik II

Emperor of Ethiopia, modernized and resisted colonization.

Triple Alliance

Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy.

Triple Entente

France, Russia, Britain.

Central Powers

Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire.

Allied Powers

Britain, France, Russia (later the U.S.).

The Black Hand

Serbian nationalist group that assassinated Franz Ferdinand.

Gavrilo Princip

Assassin of Archduke Franz Ferdinand.

Franz Ferdinand

His assassination sparked World War I.

Tsar Nicholas II

Last Tsar of Russia, overthrown in the Russian Revolution.

Woodrow Wilson

U.S. President during WWI, proposed 14 Points.

Kaiser Wilhelm

German emperor, abdicated at the end of WWI.

Weimar Republic

German democratic government after WWI.