Veterinary Microscopic Anatomy Lecture Notes

These flashcards cover key concepts from veterinary microscopic anatomy, focusing on nervous tissue, glial cells, immune responses, skin structure, and lymphoid organs.

What is the main function of nervous tissue?

To regulate and control bodily functions.

What are the components of a neuron?

Cell body, dendrites, and axon.

What surrounds the axon of a neuron?

Myelin sheath.

What is the role of neuroglial cells?

Assist in the propagation of nerve impulses and provide nutrients to neurons.

Describe the structure of dendrites.

Dendrites are long processes that extend from the cell body and can be smooth or studded with appendages called spines.

What is a synapse?

A specialized contact between a bouton of one neuron and the cell surface of another neuron.

Which neurotransmitter is the most prominent excitatory transmitter in the CNS?

L-glutamate.

What type of cells provide mechanical and metabolic support to neurons in the CNS?

Astrocytes.

How are neurons classified based on their processes?

They can be classified as unipolar, bipolar, or multipolar.

What is the main function of the thymus in the lymphoid system?

To mature T cells.

What are the two types of sweat glands?

Merocrine (eccrine) and apocrine sweat glands.

What is the function of sebaceous glands?

To secrete lipids into hair follicles.

What are T-lymphocytes primarily responsible for in the immune system?

Cellular immunity.

What do B lymphocytes do in the immune response?

They turn into plasma cells that produce antibodies.

What is the function of lymph nodes?

To filter lymph and trap antigens.

What is the composition of the stroma in lymphoid organs?

Reticulin fibers except in the thymus, which contains epithelial reticular cell processes.

What are the three layers of the skin?

Epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis.

What type of cells produce melanin in the skin?

Melanocytes.

What is the main histological difference between primary and secondary lymphoid follicles?

Secondary follicles have a germinal center and mantle zone, while primary follicles do not.