Chemical equilibrium

What does dynamic mean?

Involving continuous movement, change, or activity.

What is the law of mass action?

The reactant that is moving forward (or backwards) ∝ the product of the active masses of the reactants and their S.C that is represented as powers.

What is the formula that gives the relation between K_p (or K_c) with temperature

k = A e ^-∆H/RT

where:-

• K = equilibrium constant (K_p or K_c)

• A = pre-exponential factor (kind of constant here)

• ΔH = enthalpy change

• R = gas constant

• T = absolute temperature in K

• The exponent is:

  −ΔH∘RT

What are miscible liquids?

Liquids that can mix with one another

What is the formula for the Degree of dissociation?

where,

M_t = Theoretical molar mass (which you get from calcluating for GMM/ Other word for GMM)

M_o = Observed molar mass

n = number of gaseous molecules formed by the dissociation of 1 gas molecule

What is the formula for calculating partial pressure?

P_x = Mole fraaction_x* Total Pressure

What is the formula that gives the relation between gibbs free energy and gibbs free standard energy??

​ΔG = Gibbs free energy change at any point in the reaction (J/mol)

ΔG∘= Standard Gibbs free energy change (J/mol), measured under standard conditions

R = Universal gas constant = 8.314Jmol⁻¹K⁻¹

T = temperature in Kelvin (K)

K=Equilibrium constant (dimensionless)

This can be Kc​ (based on concentration) (or) Kp​ (based on partial pressure)​

What is Le cahteliers principal?

It states that the equilibrium shifts to oppose the change and try to keep the same value of the equilibrium constant

What are the 3 special substances that decrease in volume as you heat them up?

Water, diamond and quartz