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25 Terms

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Pattern 1

Compound Sentence: semicolon, no conjunction
S V; S V
Hard work is only one side of the equation; talent is the other.

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Pattern 2

Compound Sentence with Elliptical construction
S V DO or SC; S, DO or SC
A red light means stop; a green light, go.

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Pattern 3

Compound Sentence with Explanatory Statement
General statement: specific example
Darwin's Origin of Species forcibly states a harsh truth: only the
fittest survive.

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Pattern 4

A Series without a Conjunction
A,B,C
The United States has a government of the people, by the people, for the people.

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Pattern 4A

A Series with a Variation
A or B or C
Despite his handicaps, I have never seen Larry angry or cross or
depressed.

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Pattern 5

A Series with a Balanced Pair
A and B, C and D, E and F (may be in any slot in the sentence)
Eager yet fearful, confident but somewhat suspicious, Joe eyed the barber who would give him his first haircut.

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Pattern 6

An Introductory series of Appositives
Appositive, appositive, appositive--summary word S V
Vanity, greed, corruption-- which serves as the novel's source of
conflict?

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Pattern 7

An Internal Series of Appositives or Modifiers
S --appositive, appositive, appositive--V
The necessary qualities for political life--guile, ruthlessness, and
garrulity--she learned by carefully studying his father's life.

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Pattern 7A

A Variation: a Single Appositive or a Pair
S --appositive--V
A sudden explosion--artillery fire--signaled the beginning of a
barrage.

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Pattern 8

Dependent Clauses in a Pair or in a Series
If..., if..., if..., then S V
Whether one needs fantasy or whether one needs realism, the theater can become a mirror of life.

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Pattern 9

Repetition of a Key Term
S V key term, repeated key term
"Victory at all costs, victory in spite of all terror, victory however
long and hard the road may be [. . .]." Winston Churchill

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Pattern 9A

A Variation: Some Word repeated in a Parallel Structure

S V repeated key word in same position

His greatest discoveries, his greatest successes, his greatest influence upon daily life came to Edison only after repeated failure.

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Pattern 10

Emphatic Appositive at End, after a Colon

S V word: appositive

Airport thieves have a common target: unwary travelers.

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Pattern 10A

A Variation: Appositive (single or pair or series) after a Dash

S V word--appositive

Adjusting to a new job requires one quality above--a sense of humor.

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Pattern 11

Interrupting Modifier

Between S and V
S (modifier that whispers) V

The hunter (a common sight in New Hampshire woods during the winter)
carried a large caliber rifle.

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Pattern 11A

A Full Sentence as Interrupting Modifier

S--a full sentence--V

Juliet's famous question--"Wherefore art thou, Romeo?"--is often
misunderstood.

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Pattern 12

Introductory or Concluding Participles

Participial Phrase, S V (or reverse)

Laughing at his foolish behavior, she fell backwards in her chair.
Despised by most Westerners, the terrorist group acted with impunity.

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Pattern 13

A Single Modifier Out of Place for Emphasis
Modifier, S V
To begin with, some ideas are just plain difficult.

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Pattern 14

Prepositional Phrase Before S--V
Prepositional Phrase S V (or V S)
During the long winter months, Tom toiled as a trapper.

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Pattern 15

Object or Complement Before S--V
Object or Complement S V
His kind of sarcasm(,) I do not like.

Complete Inversion of Normal Pattern
Object or Complement or modifier V S
Down the field and through the tacklers ran the Heisman Trophy winner

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Pattern 16

Paired Constructions
Paired Construction
The more S V, the more S V
The more I saw of his work, the more I knew I didn't want to purchase
any.

A Paired Construction for Contrast Only
A "this, not that" or "not this but that" construction
Genius, not stupidity, has limits.

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Pattern 17

Dependent Clause as Subject or Object or Complement
S [dependent clause] V
What a man cannot imagine cannot be created.

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Pattern 18

Absolute Construction Anywhere in Sentence
Absolute construction, S V
His early efforts failing, Ted tried a new approach to the calculus
problem.
The French defeated, the Germans advanced on Paris.

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Pattern 19

The Short, Simple Sentence for Relief or Dramatic Effect.
S V
Perseverance pays.
I think not.

A Short Question for Dramatic Effect
Interrogative word standing alone
Question based solely on intonation
Why not?
You really care?

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Pattern 20

The Deliberate Fragment
Merely a part of a sentence
Fine.
First, the nuts and bolts.