Review of Basic Concepts in Matter and Density

A set of flashcards designed to help students understand key concepts related to density, states of matter, and changes of state.

What is density?

The mass per unit volume of a material.

What is the equation for density?

⍴ = m/v (where ⍴ is density, m is mass, and v is volume).

What are the units of density?

Kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m³).

What is the least dense state of matter?

Gas.

What is the most dense state of matter?

Solid.

In which state of matter are particles tightly packed in a regular arrangement?

Solid.

Describe the motion of particles in a solid.

Particles can only vibrate on the spot.

How are particles arranged in a liquid?

Close together, but with an irregular arrangement.

What can particles in a liquid do?

They can flow over each other.

What happens to a material during a change of state?

It can return to having its previous properties if the change is reversed.

What occurs to the mass of water in an open pan when it boils?

Some of the water will evaporate and turn into water vapour, decreasing the mass of the pan.

Does the mass of the whole system change when water evaporates?

No, the mass of the whole system remains constant.

What causes a bathroom mirror to mist up?

Hot water evaporates to form water vapour that condenses on the cooler surface of the mirror.

What happens to water vapour when it lands on a cooler surface?

It condenses and returns to liquid state.

What is the second state of matter, in terms of density?

Liquid.

Name the three states of matter in order from least to most dense.

Gas, Liquid, Solid.

What is the definition of mass?

The quantity of matter in an object.

What is the definition of volume?

The amount of space occupied by a substance.

What is an example of a change of state?

Melting, freezing, boiling, or condensation.

What physical property of particles distinguishes solids from liquids?

Particles in solids are tightly packed and have a fixed shape, while liquids do not.

What does water vapour do when it cools on the mirror's surface?

It condenses back to liquid.

How does temperature affect the density of gases?

Increased temperature usually decreases gas density.

What is the conducting state of matter when compared to solids and gases?

Liquids conduct heat better than gases but not as well as solids.

How can heat transfer occur in solids?

Through conduction, as particles vibrate and pass energy to adjacent particles.

What is the significance of the particle arrangement in determining a substance's state of matter?

The arrangement affects the properties and behavior of the substance.