Chapter 4

Nucleus

Nucleus

contains chromatin

Chromatin

DNA and proteins

Nuclear Envelope

phospholipid layer around nucleus

Nucleolus

area of condensed chromatin. site where ribosomes are produced

Ribosome

Makes proteins

Rough ER

-protein synthesis -covered in ribosomes

• (kitchen)

Smooth ER

• site where lipids are produced

• detoxifies cell

• no ribosomes

Cytosol

liquid of cell

Golgi Complex

-protein modification -packaging for shipment

Lysosome

-intracellular digestion -hydrolitic enzymes

Vacuole

in animals= storage of various plants= water pressure and storage

Mitochondria

-Powerhouse of the cell

• produces ATP

Chloroplast

-produces carbohydrates -chlorophyll- green pigment

Peroxisome

contains the enzyme catalase

Cytoskeleton

used for cellular structure and support

Cytoplasm

everything outside of the nucleus but still within the cell

Leeuwenhoek

first single lens microscope

Hooke

double lens microscope

TEM (transmission electron microscope)

2d image of internal structures

SEM (scanning electron microscope)

3d image of surface

light microscope

light passes through one or more lenses to produce an enlarged image of a specimen

light microscope magnification

4,10,40,100x

Prokaryote

no nucleus no organelles ribosome

Eukaryote

nucleus membrane bound organelles ribosomes