Demonstrative pronouns and adverbs of place

This/here

• aqui → implies that you can see

  • E.g. Aqui em casa todos gostamos de arroz = Here at home, we all like rice

• cá → implies that you can’t see

  • Cá em Inglaterra, bebe-se muito chá = There in England, they drink a lot of tea

That/there

• aí → implies that you can see

• lá → implies that you can’t see

Over here/there

• ali → implies that you can see

Aqui/cá: describes an object or a person nearby

• este + noun

• esta + noun

• isto (neither masculine nor feminine, not followed by noun)

• E.g. Este livro é muito interessante

Aí: describes and object or a person who is near to the listener

• esse + noun

• essa + noun

• esses + noun

• essas + noun

• isso

• E.g. Esse livro está na biblioteca?

Ali/lá: describes an object or a person who is neither nearby the speaker nor the listener

• aquele + noun

• aquela + noun

• aquílo