Arteries and Impairments

Flashcards based on lecture notes about arteries and their impairments.

Anterior Cerebral Artery Impairment

Contralateral hemiparesis or hemiplegia of leg and foot.

Anterior Cerebral Artery Damage

Contralateral sensory loss of leg and foot

Posteromedial Superior Frontal Gyrus Impairment

Difficulty with motor planning, lack of motivation, apathy, behavioral changes, urinary incontinence

Corpus Callosum Impairment

Difficulty with bimanual coordination, impaired interhemispheric transfer

Primary Motor Cortex Impairment (Middle Cerebral Artery)

Contralateral hemiparesis or hemiplegia, more pronounced in face and arm

Primary Sensory Cortex Impairment (Middle Cerebral Artery)

Contralateral sensory loss of face and arm

Broca's Area Impairment

Expressive (non-fluent) aphasia

Broca's Contralateral Equivalent Impairment

Flat affect, dysprosody

Wernicke's Area Impairment

Receptive (fluent) aphasia

Parietal Association Cortex (Dominant Hemisphere) Impairment

Apraxia

Parietal Association Cortex (Non-Dominant Hemisphere) Impairment

Contralateral hemispatial neglect

Premotor Cortex Impairment

Ideomotor or ideational apraxia

Posterior Limb - Internal Capsule Impairment

Contralateral hemiplegia and sensory loss

Genu - Internal Capsule Impairment

Contralateral lower facial weakness

Optic Radiations Impairment

Superior or inferior quadrantanopia

Frontal Eye Fields Impairment

Loss of contralateral voluntary saccades, ipsilateral eye deviation

Striatum Impairment

Hypokinetic or hyperkinetic movement disorders

Primary Visual Cortex Impairment

Bilateral = Cortical blindness, Unilateral = loss of contralateral visual field

Visual Association Cortex Impairment

Visual agnosia (object recognition), prosopagnosia (facial recognition), impaired depth perception

VPL of the Thalamus Impairment

Contralateral sensory loss, contralateral thalamic pain syndrome

Subthalamic Nucleus Impairment

Contralateral hemiballismus (flinging movement)

Cerebral Peduncle Impairment

Contralateral hemiparesis face/arm/leg

CN III Impairment

Ipsilateral ptosis, downward/lateral eye deviation, mydriasis (pupil dilation), loss of accommodation, diplopia (double vision)

CN VII Impairment

Ipsilateral facial paralysis, loss of taste (anterior 2/3 tongue), dry eye/mouth

CN VIII Impairment

Ipsilateral balance and hearing dysfunction, impaired VOR

Vestibular Nuclei Impairment

Ipsilateral impaired VOR, VSR, VCR, nystagmus, postural instability

Middle Cerebellar Peduncle Impairment

Ipsilateral ataxia

Spinothalamic Tract Impairment (AICA)

Contralateral pain and temperature loss from the body

Spinothalamic Tract Impairment (PICA)

Contralateral pain and temperature loss from the body

Spinal Trigeminal Tract Impairment

Ipsilateral pain and temperature loss from the face

Nucleus Ambiguus Impairment

Ipsilateral dysphagia, hoarseness, dysarthria, palatal hemiparesis

Sympathetic Fibers Impairment

Ipsilateral Horner's syndrome

Inferior Cerebellar Peduncle Impairment

Ipsilateral impaired VOR, VSR, VCR, limb ataxia, nystagmus

Anterior Corticospinal Tracts Impairment

Bilateral proximal trunk weakness

Lateral Corticospinal Tracts Impairment

Bilateral paralysis (quadriplegia)

Corticobulbar Tracts Impairment

Bilateral facial paralysis, dysphagia, dysarthria

Ascending Reticular Activating System (ARAS) Impairment

Impaired consciousness

Anterior Cerebral Artery

Supplies the medial primary motor area of the brain.

Middle Cerebral Artery

Supplies the primary motor cortex, Broca's area, and Wernicke's area.

Posterior Cerebral Artery

Associated with Weber's syndrome.

Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery

Causes Lateral Pontine Syndrome

Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery

Causes Wallenberg syndrome.

Basilar artery

Can cause Locked-In Syndrome.