HOSA Pharmacy Science

1 gallon = _______ quarts

4

1 gallon = _______pints

8

1 gallon = _______cups

16

1 gallon = _______fl oz

128

1 gallon = _______tblsp

256

1 gallon = _______tsp

768

1 quart = ______pints

2

1 quart = ______cups

4

1 quart = ______fl oz

32

1 quart = ______tblsp

64

1 quart = ______tsp

192

1 pint = ________cups

2

1 pint = ________ fl oz

16

1 pint = ________ tblsp

32

1 pint = ________ tsp

96

1 cup = ______fl oz

8

1 cup = ______tblsp

16

1 cup = ______tsp

48

1 fl oz = _______tblsp

2

1 fl oz = _______tsp

6

1 tblsp

3 tsp

1 kg = _______g

1,000

1 kg = _______mg

1,000,000

1 kg = _______mcg

1,000,000,000

1 g = ________mg

1,000

1 g = _____mcg

1, 000,000

1 mg

1, 000 mcg

1 lb

16 oz

1 L

1, 000 ml

1 grain

65 mg

1 dram

5 ml

1 oz

30 g

1 lb = ______g

454

2.2 lb

1 kg

1 tsp

5 ml

1 tblsp = _____ml

15

1 fl oz

30 ml

8 fl oz

240 ml

16 fl oz

480 ml

32 fl oz

960 ml

I

1

II

2

III

3

IV

4

V

5

VI

6

VII

7

VIII

8

IX

9

X

10

XX

20

L

50

C

100

D

500

M

1,000

100 units

1 ml

an order written by a prescriber for a patient in a hospital or other inpatient setting

medication order

a type of medication order written by a physician if a patient should be admitted into the hospital; this order is sometimes written when a patient has visited the emergency room and, after a physician's assessment, it is decided he or she should be admitted into the facility.

admission order

a type of medication order sent to the pharmacy that must be filled immediately.

stat order

a medication order that gives instructions for a patient who is being discharged from the hospital; it should include all at-home information and prescription instructions for the patient until follow-up with a primary care physician can occur.

discharge order

a medication order given on an "as needed" basis for specific signs and symptoms exhibited by a patient

prn order

some examples of symtptoms requiring a PRN medication could be:

-fever

-pain

-anxiety or restlessness

-itching

-coughing

-sneezing

a drug used in a hospital or other inpatient setting that prepackaged from bulk for a single administration for one patient

unit dose

Benefits of unit dose are:

-easy for nurse dispensing to patients

-cuts down on medication errors (each unit dose may be bar-coded)

-less waste of medication

to be repackaged from bulk.

unit dose labels

the labeling of unit doses must contain specific information:

-drug name

-strength of medication

-name of original manufacturer

-original lot number and expiration date of manufacturer

-bar code

-facility expiration date

drugs that are store on each unit of the hospital that are frequently prescribed for that unit; most floor stocks are stored in automated dispensing cabinets

floor stock

a secure storage device that contains medications used by specific patient care units; access is limited to authorized individuals who has patient order that need to be filled

automated dispensing cabinets

examples of ADCs:

-Pyxis (cardinal health)

-AcuDose-Rx (McKesson)

-Omnicell

-Rx-Station (cerner)

-Med-Select (Amerisource Bergen)

an order written for a patient by a licensed practitioner for be filled by a pharmacist.

prescription

parts of the prescription:

-inscription

-signa

-subscription

-superscription

parts of the prescription that includes the name and strength of the medication prescribed and the amount to be dispensed. Ex: Lipitor 10 mg #30

inscription

directions to the patient. Ex: take 1 tablet by mouth daily

Signa aka Sig

part of the prescription that includes directions to the pharmacist for dispensing the medication. Ex: number of refills permitted.

subscription

part of the prescription that includes the information at the top: the patient's name and address, date of birth, date the prescription was written, and Rx symbol.

superscription

a part of the prescription that when checked indicates that the generic of a drug must not be dispensed; brand name is required.

dispense as written (DAW)

submitted to the insurance company to determine if the proper brand name or generic medication is being dispensed

DAW codes

default used when dispensing a generic drug or when dispensing a brand name product that does not have generic available

DAW 0

prescriber indicates dispense as written

DAW 1

patient requests brand name product

DAW 2

pharmacist requests brand name proud be dispensed

DAW 3

generic is not in stock, so the brand name product must be dispensed

DAW 4

brand dispensed but priced as generic

DAW 5

brand name is necessary; used for prior authorization cases

DAW 6

substitution not allowed; brand mandated by law

DAW 7

generic is not currently available; either not being manufactured or not being distributed

DAW 8

"other" DAW code?

DAW 9

a database of information stored in a pharmacy system for each patient; should be continually updated by the pharmacy technician

patient profile

Patient profile contains the following information:

-name

-address

-phone number

-DOB

-gender

-allergy information

-medical information

-insurance information

-prescriptions filled

-preference for child-resistant containers

-may contain other preferences, such as generic substitution or large-print labels

hypersensitivity of the immune system that may begin immediately after taking a medication or take weeks to show symptoms

allergies

examples of allergy indicators:

-rash

-watery eyes

-swelling

-itching

-wheezing

what more severe allergies can result in; leads to swelling of the airways and difficulty breathing; can lead to death if not immediately treated

anaphylaxis

bright, colorful label placed o a bottle label to provide information in addiction with what is on the bottle label; alerts patients to specific information to which careful attention should be paid

auxiliary label

label should be affixed to the medication container and match the prescription exactly.

prescription container label

Specific information is required to be print on the label including:

-pharmacy name, address, and telephone number

-patient's name

-date prescription was filled

-prescriber's name

-prescription Rx number

-medication name and strength

-directions for use

-quantity of medication

-refills allowed

-initials of pharmacist dispensing prescription

a device used to count tablets, capsules, or other solid oral medications and transfer these dosage forms from the stock bottle to the patient's medication bottle

counting trays

a device used to split tablets in half

tablet splitter

tablets that have a line or crevice to make splitting easier

scored tablets

required by the FDA for all medications dispensed; provides information about the drug for the patient

patient package insert

the patient package insert includes:

-how the drugs works

-what to do if a dose is missed

-contraindications

-warnings

-side effects

-overdose information

-dosages and packing information

-indications and use