Neurophysiology 2

what is the central pattern generator involved in

rhythmic behaviours (e.g. walking, swimming, flying, ventilation)

what is reciprocity

muscle groups arranged in antagonistic pairs, when 1 fires the other is inhibited

what does the cellular oscillator do

generate temporary patterned activity itself

what is the network oscillator

network of neurones interact so output is temporarily patterned

what do the letters represent

AB = anterior burst neurone, PD = pyloric dilator neurone, LP = lateral pyloric neurone, PY = pyloric neurone

what happens in the hybrid oscillator

AB bursts of action potentials, PD electrically coupled to AB, LP and PY inhibit each other

what is synaptic plasticity

change in synaptic strength over time, allows nervous system to adapt

what is synaptic strength measured as

amplitude of postsynaptic potential

what is facilitation in synaptic plasticity

increased amplitude in response to successive impulses

what is antifacilitation in synaptic plasticity

decreased amplitude in response to successive impulses

what does synaptic plasticity result from

amount of neurotransmitter released per presynaptic impulse

what is habituation

decrease in intensity of a reflex response to a stimulus when it occurs repeatedly

what is sensitisation

prolonged enhancement of a reflex response to a stimulus that results from a 2nd stimulus

which 2 glutamate receptors does long term potentiation depend on

NMDA and AMPA

what does NMDA require

postsynaptic cell to be strongly depolarised, so is blocked by Mg2+ unless conditions are met

what happens in long term potentiation when then the postsynaptic cell is depolarised

Ca2+ enters, phosphorylation of AMPA receptors, new receptors delivered in membrane

what does long term potentiation cause

structural change in neurone, effects learning and memory