7.4 P-Values and Statistical Significance

success/failure condition

the assumption that there will be at least 10 observed successes and at least 10 observed failures

statistically significant

when a p-value falls below the alpha level

independence assumption

the assumption that the behaviour of one participant in a sample will not affect the behaviour of other participants in the sample

10% condition

the assumption that the size of a sample is no more than 10% of the overall population

effect size

the difference between the null hypothesis value and the actual value of the population parameter

significance level

another name for the alpha level

randomization condition

the assumption that a sample is randomly gathered from the population of interest

alpha level

the threshold p-value that determines when you reject the null hypothesis