Studied by 67 people
Absolute direction
Based on the cardinal points of north
Absolute distance
Exact measurement of the physical space between two places.
Absolute location
The exact position of an object or place
Cartographers
a person who makes maps
Census
the official count of a population
Core
A country that is well-developed
Density
the number of people who live in a defined land area
Distance decay
decline of activity or function with increasing distance from its point of origin
Distribution
The arrangement of something across Earth's surface.
Ecological perspective
considers how the relationships between organisms and their physical environment may be affected by something.
Environmental determinism
the view that the natural environment has a controlling influence over various aspects of human life including cultural development
Flow
movements of people
Formal region
an area within which everyone shares distinctive characteristics
Friction of distance
the increase in time and cost that usually comes with increasing distance
Functional region
An area organized around a node or focal point
Geographic Information System (GIS)
A computer system that stores
Global Positioning System (GPS)
Satellite-based system for determining the absolute location of places or geographic features.
Globalization
The expansion of economic
Human geography
The study of the spatial variation in the patterns and processes related to human activity.
Location
a place or position
Map scale
The relationship between the size of an object on a map and the size of the actual feature on Earth's surface.
Mental maps
Maps that people create in their minds
Node
the focal point of a region
Pattern
the arrangement of objects on Earth's surface in relation to other objects
Perceptual (Vernacular) region
a region defined by popular feelings and images rather than by objective data
Periphery
a less-developed country
Physical geography
the study of physical features of the earth's surface
Place
a specific point on earth with human and physical characteristics that distinguish it from other places
Possibilism
The theory that the physical environment may set limits on human actions
Qualitative data
descriptive data
Quantitative data
numerical data
Reference maps
Regular maps showing cities
Region
an area defined by one or more natural or cultural characteristics that set it apart from other areas
Relative direction
Directions such as left, right, up, and down
Relative distance
Approximate measurement of the physical space between two places.
Relative location
The position of a place in relation to another place
Remote sensing
A method of collecting data or information through the use of satellites and other instruments
Scale
the relationship between the portion of Earth being studied and Earth as a whole
Semi-periphery
Countries that are currently developing
Site
physical characteristics of a place
Situation
the location of a place relative to other places
Space
The physical gap or interval between two objects
Spatial perspective
a way of looking at the human and physical patterns on Earth and their relationships to one another
Sustainability
meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
Sustainable development
development that balances current human well-being and economic advancement with resource management for the benefit of future generations
Theory
A hypothesis that has been tested with a significant amount of data
Time-space compression
the rapid innovation of communication and transportation technologies associated with globalization that transforms the way people think about space and time
Topography
the arrangement of the natural and artificial physical features of an area.
World systems theory
Theory developed by Immanuel Wallerstein that explains the emergence of a core
Agricultural density
The ratio of the number of farmers to the amount of arable land
Antinatalist
Policies that discourage people from having children (China's One Child Policy)
Arable land
land suitable for growing crops
Arithmetic density
The total number of people divided by the total land area.
Asylum
A place that takes in refugees
Brain drain
the loss of highly educated and skilled workers to other countries
Carrying capacity
The largest population that an area can support
Chain migration
migration of people to a specific location because relatives or members of the same nationality previously migrated there
Circular migration
The temporary movement of a migrant worker between home and host countries to seek employment.
Circulation
the movement of people, goods, money, and ideas within a specific area over a short period of time
Climate
Overall weather in an area over a long period of time
Crude birth rate (CBR)
The total number of live births in a year for every 1
Crude death rate (CDR)
The total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people in the population.
What is the Demographic Transition Model (DTM)?
The process of change in a society's population from high crude birth and death rates to low rates
What are the stages of the Demographic Transition Model (DTM)?
The stages include high birth and death rates (Stage 1)
Demographics
the characteristics of a population with respect to age
Dependency ratio
the number of people who are too young or too old to work divided by the number of people who are of working age
Dispersed
distributed or spread over a considerable extent
Doubling time
the time required for a population to double in size
Emigration
movement of individuals out of an area
Epidemiological Transition Model (ETM)
A model that describes changes in fertility
Fertility
The production of offspring within a population
Forced migration
Human migration flows in which the movers have no choice but to relocate.
Gravity model
uses two variables to predict or estimate the volume of spatial interaction between or among places
Guest workers
Workers who migrate to more developed countries in search of higher-paying jobs.
Human migration
movement of people from one place to another
Human trafficking
the illegal movement of people
Immigration
Movement of individuals into a population
Infant mortality rate (IMR)
describes the number of babies that die within the first year of their lives in a given population.
Internal migration
Migration within a country
Internally displaced persons
Someone who has been forced to migrate for similar political reasons to a refugee but has not migrated across an international border
Interregional migration
Permanent movement from one region of a country to another.
Intervening obstacle
an environmental or cultural feature that hinders migration
Intervening opportunity
The presence of a nearer opportunity that greatly diminishes the attractiveness of sites farther away.
Intraregional migration
Permanent movement within one region of a country.
Kinship links
types of push or pull factors that influence a migrant's decision to go where family or friends have already found success
Land degradation
reduction in the productive potential of the land
Landforms
natural features of the earth's surface
Life expectancy
A figure indicating how long
Mobility
the ability of something or someone to move from one place or region to another
Mortality
death
Neo-Malthusian
Advocacy of population control programs to ensure enough resources for current and future populations.
Net migration
the number of immigrants minus the number of emigrants
Overpopulation
too many people in one place for the resources available
Physiological density
The number of people per unit of arable land
Population density
Number of individuals per unit area
Population distribution
how population is spread out in an area
Population pyramids
A bar graph representing the distribution of population by age and sex.
Pronatalist
Policies that encourage people to have children
Pull factor
A factor that draws or attracts people to another location
Push factor
A factor that induces people to move out of their present location
Note 
Flashcard (296)