Abnormal Psych Exam #3

Be able to describe the symptoms of Anorexia Nervosa.

•restricting energy intake leading to low body weight

•intense fear of gaining weight or behavior that leads to weight gain

•disturbed in way body weight or shape; lack of realization of how low body weight is

Know the two different types of Anorexia Nervosa and what each involves

•Restricting Type:during last 3 months, individual has not had recurrent episodes of binge eating or purging (loses weight through dieting, fasting, or excessive exercise)

•binge-eating/purging type:during past 3 months, individual has engaged in multiple episodes of binge/purging behavior

Know the symptoms of Bulimia Nervosa and be able to describe at least two compensatory behaviors individuals with this engage in

•within a 2 hour period, eating an amt of food that is larger than what most individuals would eat

• lack of control over eating during episode

•compensatory behaviors=self induced vomiting, misuse of laxatives/diuretics, fasting, and excessive exercise

Be able to describe at least two common treatment approaches for Anorexia and Bulimia and the types of therapeutic environments in which these may be offered

•Anorexia:

-CBT Therapy; helps clients recognize and counteract thoughts and behavior processes that keep restive eating going (nutritional rehabilitation or IOP)

-family therapy to help adress underlying family dynamic contributers

•Bulimia:nutritional rehabilitation to help clients get rid of binging and re-gain health reg eating habits (ed clinics)

•CBT (often keep food diaries, observe eating patterns and learn to recognize/counteract thoughts and situations that lead to binges)

Describe the symptoms of Binge Eating Disorder and know the difference between Binge Eating Disorder and Bulimia Nervosa.

•bulimia nervosa is when person engages in repetitive episodes of uncontrollable overeating then performs compensatory behaviors;binge eating is when person engages in repetitive episodes of overeating but does not perform compensatory behaviors.

Be able to name at least two medical problems that may result from Binge Eating Disorder, Anorexia Nervosa, or Bulimia Nervosa·      (specify which disorder may cause these in your answer).

Anorexia Nervosa can cause low body temp and low BP.

If given a short scenario, be able to recognize the type of somatic disorder the person is experiencing.

conversation disorder:person has neurological symptoms like paralysis, tremors, blindness, etc, that come on suddenly, in the absense of an identifiable medical cause. brain can no longer properly communicate with rest of body.

somatic symptom disorder:person experiences one or more physical symptoms which may or may not be due to an identified medical problem (pain, fatigue, weakness)

Illness Anxiety Disorder:person fears that they have a serious illness despite having no symptoms or only a very mild symptom not suggesting something serious. could also fear having an illness.

Factious Disorder:person fakes the symptoms of an illness or purposely induces illness in themselves or others like a child

Functional Neurological Syndrome ,name at least two common neurological symptoms.

•numbness

•blindness

•tremors

how Illness Anxiety Disorder differs from Somatic Symptom Disorder.

IAD focuses on the fear of disease, while SSD focuses on distressing, actual physical symptoms.

Know what Factitious Disorder is and the alternative name that this is commonly given.

definition in previous question but common name=Munchausen Syndrome

Be able to explain what happens to the body under a state of chronic, unrelenting stress (how it gets stuck in a fight or flight state; the neurotransmitters/stress hormones that are released in this state).

The body is designed to respond to short-term stress (releasing stress hormones) and then recover and return to normal. (stop releasing stress hormones and return to a calm state) under chronic stress, the body gets stuck in flight or fight mode, meaning the stress hormones cannot shut off.fight or flight system triggers a release of epinephrine (adreniline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline) under chronic stress, meaning body is exposed to too much of these.

  Be able to name and describe four potential health consequences of chronic, excessive stress.

•heart palpitations/fast or irregular heartbeat

•muscle tension and pain such as frequent heaaches or pain in shoulders/neck/and jaw

•fatigue/trouble sleeping

•higher risk of cardiovascular disease overtime

Know the general approach of identifying and changing factors within your control and using stress management techniques and positive coping skills to help deal with factors outside your control.

•stress management helps body get out of a fight or flight mode and return to a state of calm and recovery

•change factors within control and use stress management techniques and positive coping skills for less in control

•some stress management techniques: relaxation training, exercise, biofeedback, meditation, spending time with others, engaging in hobbies, participating in meaningful activities

  Know what the field of Behavioral Medicine is and what it does (

behavioral medicine helps individuals modify their lifestyles to improve health and reduce risk of chronic disease. it includes health psychologists and other providers as well.

  Know what is meant by “positive symptoms” versus “negative symptoms” of Schizophrenia.

•Positive Symptoms=excesses of thought, emotion, and behavior (meaning things are present that should not be) like delusions/hallucinations/auditory hallucinations

•Negative Symptoms=things that should be present but are not like poverty of speech, blunted affect, loss of volition, and social withdrawal

Know the difference between a hallucination and a delusion.

a hallucination is perceptions ppl have in absense of any external stimuli (from the brain but ppl interpret them coming from actual environment)

a delusion is the idea the person believes that has no basis of fact. person considers the ideas enlightening (like they are a special person chosen) but often find them confused and upset.

Know the four types of delusions (delusion of persecution, delusion of reference, delusion of grandeur, delusion of control) and be able to give one example of each.

Know the type of hallucination that is most common in Schizophrenia.

Auditory Hallucinations

Know the difference between first generation antipsychotics and second generation antipsychotics in terms of side effects (which is more likely to cause extrapyramidal effects and tardive dyskinesia?)

•First Gen: higher risk of extrapyramidal effects like movements and tardive dyskinesia which is involuntary motor movements

•Second Gen: metabolic problems like weight gain

• First gen more likely

Be able to recognize the name of the first generation antipsychotic commonly used when these medications initially came out (from a list of choices).

•phenothiazines

•chlorpromazine

  Be able to recognize the name of a second generation antipsychotic (from a list of choices).

•risperdal

•clozapine

Be able to describe at least two types of non-medication treatment commonly used for people with Schizophrenia.

•CBT Therapy

•psychiatrist

Know the differences in symptom duration of Brief Psychotic Disorder versus Schizophreniform Disorder versus Schizophrenia.

Brief Psychotic Disorder is where symptoms are present for less than one month whereas Schizophreniform Disorder is when symptoms are present for 1-6 months.

Know what Schizoaffective Disorder is (just be familiar with the basic idea).

symptoms of both schizophrenia and a modd disorder for 6 or more months

Know what Delusional Disorder is (just be familiar with the basic idea).

individual has one or more delusions which are often less bizarre in nature. no prominent hallucinations and may function well otherwise

Be able to name at least three medical conditions that can cause psychotic symptoms.

•UTI

•High Fever

•Thyroid Dysfunction

Be able to name at least two medications/substances that can cause psychotic symptoms.

•Cannabis

•alcohol

    From the “Schizophrenia Through the Ages” in-class activity: give a specific example you found of how a society in history viewed and treated people with Schizophrenia.

From medieval Europe times, People who showed symptoms like hallucinations or disorganized speech were believed to be possessed by evil spirits or influenced by the devil. There was little understanding of mental illness as a medical condition.

  Name two techniques you found that were used to treat Schizophrenia in the past prior to the invention of antipsychotic medications that would be considered inhumane today.

•imprisonment/isolation

•Exorcisms

Be familiar with the basic idea of what each personality disorders entails. If given a short scenario, be able to choose the personality disorder the person has from a list of options.

•Paranoid Personality Disorder:suspicious of others; thinks ppl are out to get them.

•Schizoid Personality Disorder: loners who prefer to be alone, little to no interest in others and usually unaffected by praise or criticism.

•Schizotypal Personality Disorder:odd pattern of thinking and perceiving, discomfort in close relationships, think they may have special powers but less severe, flat emotion

•Anti social personality disorder:persistently disregard and violate the rights of others, associated w/criminal behavior, aggressive,

•Borderline Personality Disorder:instability in interpersonal relationships, unstable self-image, major shifts in mood in short period, desires close relationships, but struggles to maintain, impulsive and sometiems unsafe beahvior

•Histrionic Personality Disorder:extremely emotional, exaggerated moods, excessive need for attention, change themselves to attract others

•Avoidant personality disorder:extremely uncomfortable in social situations, extreme sensitivity to negative evaluation, afraid of rejection so they avoid opportunity

•dependent personality disorder:excessive need to be taken care of, trouble making decisions,

•Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder:preoccupied w order, perfection, and control, very inflexible

Know the 3 main clusters of personality disorders and what general types of disorders fall under each cluster (e.g., Cluster A – “odd” personality disorders).

•Cluster A:

-paranoid personality disorder

-schizoid personality disorder

-schizotypical personality disorder

•Cluster B:

-antisocial personality disorder

-borderline personality disorder

-histrionic personality disorder

-narcissistic personality disorder

•Cluster C:

-avoidant personality disorder

-dependent personality disorder

-obsessive compulsive personality disorder

Be able to name at least three symptoms of Antisocial Personality Disorder.

-impulsive

-agressive

-act w/o thinking

Know which disorder is often characterized by a lack of empathy (or less empathy) for others.

Explain the difference in the stress response system of someone with Antisocial Personality Disorder versus people without the condition and know that people with this disorder often experience less anxiety.

Know that people with Antisocial personality disorder rarely seek treatment unless forced to do so and are very difficult to treat.

   Be able to name at least four symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder.

Know what is meant by “splitting.”

   Give two examples of self-injurious behavior that people with Borderline Personality Disorder may engage in.

  Know the type of disorder that commonly co-occurs with Borderline Personality Disorder.

Know the treatment of choice for Borderline Personality Disorder and be able to recognize the name of the person who developed this (from a list of choices).

  If given a list of options, be able to identify the three basic types of therapies blended together in Dialectical Behavior Therapy (CBT, acceptance-based, and mindfulness).

  Know that DBT seeks to balance acceptance and validation with working toward change.

·      Be able to name the 4 core skills taught in Dialectical Behavior Therapy and give one example of each.