APUSH Period 7 Part 1 IDs

Progressivism

A movement that looked toward cleaning up most of the Gilded Age political problems, e.g. business oversight, conservation, etc.

Triangle Shirtwaist Disaster of 1911

A fire that killed several workers at the Triangle Shirtwaist factory when the bosses locked the door to the building to keep workers contained, exposing the corrupt nature of business

1902 Anthracite Coal Strike

A dispute between striking coal workers and their employer, the Anthracite Coal Company, where Roosevelt intervened and prompted them to settle a deal, and, when the corporation refused to cooperate, forced the corporation to compromise through the threat of government control

Square Deal

Roosevelt’s plan for domestic reform that involved imbuing corporation control, consumer protection, and conservation practices

Referendum

A direct democracy system where voters can vote on whether to approve a law or deny it

Recall

A direct democracy system where voters can hold elections to remove corrupt politicians from office

Initiative

A direct democracy system where voters can write and propose laws

16th Amendment

The amendment that institutes a graduated federal income tax

17th Amendment

The amendment that allows for the direct election of senators

Booker T. Washington

An African-American reformer that pushes for industrial education for African-Americans and founds the Tuskegee Institute, is ok with playing a slower game in terms of race relations

Tuskegee Institute

A school founded by Booker T. Washington with the sole purpose of giving African-Americans industrial education

“Atlanta Compromise” Speech

A speech delivered by Booker T. Washington which emphasized racial unity for progress and “casting your bucket down” to improve welfare under segregation policies.

Ida B Wells

A women’s suffrage and African-American reformer who wrote many anti-lynching pieces to expose the harm black citizens experience

W.E.B. Du Bois

An African-American reformer who wanted fast change with aggression and agitation, started the Niagara Movement which becomes the NAACP

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)

Formerly the Niagara movement, an organization dedicated to elevating black social status

National American Women’s Suffrage Association (NAWSA)

A organization founded by Carrie Chapman Catt that pushes for a Constitutional amendment for women's suffrage

\`19th Amendment

The amendment that grants women’s suffrage constitutionally everywhere

McClure’s Magazine

A muckraker magazine that detailed the grim horrors of political corruption and economic turmoil

Muckrakers

People who wrote to expose the corruption of business in various areas

Upton Sinclair, *The Jungle*

A book with its corresponding muckraker that exposes the terrible conditions of the meat industry and how it leads to the unsanitary conditions of food eaten by the general public

Jacob Riis, *How the Other Half Lives*

A book and its corresponding muckraker that exposes the terrible conditions of those in slums and ghettos, especially through photography

“Old Guard” Republicans vs. Progressive Republicans

Old Guard Republicans held conservative ideas and liked laissez faire and pro-business ideology, while Progressive Republicans challenged the corruption of business and sought to create reform

Robert LaFollete and Wisconsin Idea

The governor of Wisconsin who was very progressive and used his progressive Wisconsin Idea, inspired Teddy Roosevelt to be progressive

“Trust Busting”

Using the Sherman Antitrust Act to disband monopolies, including the Northern Securities Case

Northern Securities Case

A bank trust that held tight grips on shares on all major railroad companies, was trust busted into two competitive companies

Good Trusts vs. Bad Trusts

Teddy Roosevelt’s rationale for breaking specific trusts, whereupon he would bust bad trusts that harmed economy and consumers, and he would keep but scrutinize good trusts that help the economy and are kind to consumers

Conservationist

Teddy Roosevelt’s view point on conservation, where he believes human development can be conducted on land if it is done respectfully

Preservationist

John Muir’s stance on conservation where he believes that nature should be protected from all human involvement

John Muir

An environmental advocate that created both the Sierra Club and the Yosemite National Park

Payne-Aldritch Tariff

A tariff implemented by William Taft that angers the progressives

Ballinger-Pinchot Affair

Ballinger opens up Alaska for development, Pinchot, the environmental cabinet employee, criticizes him, and subsequently is fired

Bull Moose Party

Teddy Roosevelt’s third party platform in the election of 1912

Socialist Party and Eugene V. Debs

Eugene V. Debs consistently runs as the Socialist Party advocate, where the Socialist Party acts as a workingmen power party

“New Nationalism”

Teddy Roosevelt’s platform in the 1912 election, places large taxes on rich people and corporations, more government regulation, starts to support women’s suffrage

Woodrow Wilson and “New Freedom”

Woodrow Wilson’s platform in the 1912 election that supports smaller businesses with smaller antitrust laws and attacks the triple wall of privileges

“Triple Wall of Privileges”

The tendency for corporations to be protected by banks, trusts, and tariffs as described in the New Freedom platform

Clayton Anti-Trust Act

An act passed by Wilson that enhanced the Sherman act by regulating mergers and price discrimination and protecting laborers access to collective bargaining, picketing, boycotting, and protesting

Meat Inspection Act

An act passed in 1906 that allows federal inspectors to investigate meat plants

Pure Food and Drug Act

An act passed in 1906 that creates the FDA, which mandates food labels and other consumer help services

Hepburn Act

An act passed in 1906 that gives more control to the ICC, e.g. allowing them to set max rates

Jane Addams and Progressive Politics

Jane Addams started moving legislators that limited the hours of work for women and children after seeing the poverty, disease, and living conditions in her settlement house environment

Rise of Women’s Temperance Movement

As women began to gain more power, they founded more temperance institutions, such as the Women’s Christian Temperance Union

Women’s Christian Temperance Union

An organization created by Francis Willard that was devoted to combating the evils of alcoholism

Alice Paul

The founder of the National Women’s Party, a very vocal party with the goal of obtaining a Constitutional amendment for women’s suffrage

Walter Rauschenbusch

An advocate of the Social Gospel that emphasized doing everything one can as a Christian to enact the “Kingdom of God” on society, rather than a couple of people.