The Wind of Change in Africa (1950s-60s)

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to the Wind of Change in Africa during the 1950s and 60s, focusing on decolonization, nationalism, and significant events in African history.

Mau Mau Rebellion

A violent uprising by the Kikuyu people against British colonial rule in Kenya between 1952 and 1956.

Hola Camp Massacre

An incident in March 1959 where eleven African prisoners were beaten to death by guards in a detention camp in Kenya.

Wind of Change Speech

A famous speech delivered by British Prime Minister Harold Macmillan in 1960, acknowledging the rise of nationalism in Africa.

Audit of Empire

Harold Macmillan's examination of British colonial possessions in terms of economic viability, conducted in 1957.

Sharpeville Massacre

The 1960 event where South African police shot and killed 69 demonstrators protesting against pass laws.

Jomo Kenyatta

The leader of the Kenyan independence movement and later the first President of Kenya.

Frantz Fanon

A psychiatrist and revolutionary who wrote on decolonization and the psychology of colonized peoples.

Decolonization

The process through which colonies gained independence from colonial powers during the mid-20th century.

Colonialism

The practice of acquiring political control over another country, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically.

Nationalism

A political ideology that emphasizes the interests of a particular nation, often in opposition to colonial rule.

Apartheid

A system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination in South Africa from 1948 until the early 1990s.

Independence

The condition of a nation, country, or state which is self-governing.

Pan-Africanism

A worldwide movement that seeks to encourage and strengthen bonds between all people of African descent.

Cold War

A period of geopolitical tension between the Soviet Union and the United States, along with their respective allies, after World War II.

Self-determination

The principle that a group of people has the right to determine their own political status and pursue their economic, social, and cultural development.

Economic imperialism

The control of a country's economy by foreign countries or corporations.