Limits to Parliamentary Supremacy

Amending Formula (The 7/50 Rule) : Requires 7 of 10 provinces representing this percentage of the population

50% of the population

External Limit : The Charter's power to stop unconstitutional laws

Constitutional Limits

Re: Senate Reference (2014) : Established that changing the Senate requires this

The Constitutional Amending Formula

R v. Bulker (1997) Rule : Establishes that this type of law can apply outside of Canada

Federal laws

Haida Nation v. BC (2004) Principle : Constitutional duty to consult with Indigenous peoples

Duty to Consult

Internal Limit : A limitation that future governments can repeal (e.g., Balance Budget Act)

Self-Imposed Limitations

Canada Assistance Plan (1991) : Limits Parliament's ability to bind this

All future governments