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Founding of Islam
622 AD, the year when Islam was established by the Prophet Muhammad.
Printing invented in China
c. 730, the invention of printing technology originating from China.
Genghis Khan begins Mongol conquests
1206, marked the start of Mongol expansion under Genghis Khan.
Marco Polo's travels
1271-1295, the journey of the Venetian merchant and explorer Marco Polo to Asia.
Yuan Dynasty in China
1279-1368, the Mongol-led dynasty that ruled over China.
Mansa Musa's pilgrimage/hajj
1324, the famous pilgrimage to Mecca by the wealthy ruler of the Mali Empire.
Travels of Ibn Battuta
1325-1349, the extensive journeys of the Moroccan explorer Ibn Battuta.
Bubonic plague in Europe
1347-1348, the outbreak of the plague that decimated Europe's population.
Ming Dynasty
1368-1644, the Chinese dynasty known for its trade expansion and cultural achievements.
Zheng He's 7 voyages
1405-1433, the maritime expeditions led by the Chinese admiral Zheng He.
Ottomans capture Constantinople
1453, the fall of the Byzantine capital to the Ottoman Empire.
Printing Press in Europe (Gutenberg)
1450s, the introduction of movable-type printing to Europe by Johannes Gutenberg.
Dias rounds Cape of Good Hope
1488, the Portuguese explorer Bartolomeu Dias sails around the southern tip of Africa.
1st African Slaves to Americas
1502, the first recorded shipment of African slaves to the New World.
Martin Luther/Protestant Reformation
1517, the beginning of the religious movement that challenged Catholic Church practices.
Cortez conquered the Aztecs
1519-1521, the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire led by Hernán Cortés.
Spanish Armada defeated
1588, the failed invasion of England by the Spanish fleet, leading to English naval dominance.
Beginning of Tokugawa Shogunate
1600, the establishment of a new feudal government in Japan following the Battle of Sekigahara.
Qing Dynasty
1644-1911, the last imperial dynasty of China, established by the Manchus.
Cape Town colony founded
1653, the establishment of the Dutch colony at Cape of Good Hope.