Chapter 17: Weather and Climate
5.0(1)
View linked note
Learn
Practice Test
Spaced Repetition
Match
FlashcardsCard Sorting
1/44
Study Analytics
Name | Mastery | Learn | Test | Matching | Spaced |
|---|
No study sessions yet.
45 Terms
1
New cards
Hurricanes
________ are tropical storms that cover vast areas and last for days.
2
New cards
Photosynthetic Organisms
________ use carbon dioxide and produce almost all the oxygen in the atmosphere.
3
New cards
Water Vapor
________ and carbon dioxide are examples of greenhouse gases.
4
New cards
Convection
________ transfers thermal energy by movement of air from place to place.
5
New cards
Cirrus
________ clouds form at heights above 6, 000 m and are made of ice crystals.
6
New cards
Lithosphere
The ________ is the solid Earth, including its soil, rocks, and mantle.
7
New cards
direction of airflow
The ________ is also affected by Earths rotation.
8
New cards
Large Eruptions
________ can produce droplets of sulfuric acid in the stratosphere that reflect incoming solar radiation.
9
New cards
Cryosphere
The ________ is frozen water in snow, ice, and glaciers.
10
New cards
Temperature
________ decreases with height in the troposphere up to the tropopause.
11
New cards
Ultraviolet Rays
The ozone layer shields Earth from ________ that can harm living organisms.
12
New cards
Greenhouse Effect
________: The emission of infrared waves by gases in Earths atmosphere.
13
New cards
Maritime Air Masses
________ are moist because they originate over the oceans.
14
New cards
Biosphere
________: all living organisms and the environments in which they live.
15
New cards
Downdrafts
________ can result in a form of severe weather called downbursts.
16
New cards
Antarctica
The concentration of springtime ozone over ________ has decreased over the past several decades.
17
New cards
Hydrosphere
The ________ is liquid water in oceans, lakes, rivers, soil, and underground.
18
New cards
Tornadoes
________ are intense, short- lived, localized storms in the mid- latitudes.
19
New cards
Seasonal Changes
________ are smallest near the equator and become greater with increasing latitude.
20
New cards
Latent Heat
________: the thermal energy released when water changes state from a gas to a liquid, or from a liquid to a solid.
21
New cards
Thunderstorm
A(n) ________ can form when moist air rises high in the atmosphere.
22
New cards
Energy
________ from the Sun evaporates water from Earths surface.
23
New cards
Jet Streams
________: control many weather processes, such as storm development.
24
New cards
Westerlies
________: winds that blow from the west in middle latitudes.
25
New cards
Weather Fronts
________: associated with low pressure systems.
26
New cards
La Niña
________: occurs when trade winds in the Pacific are unusually strong and equatorial oceanic surface temperatures are colder than normal.
27
New cards
tall cumulonimbus cloud
A(n) ________ produces a thunderstorm.
28
New cards
El Niño
________ can dramatically alter global weather patterns.
29
New cards
Clouds
________ form when water vapor cools and condenses to form droplets of water.
30
New cards
Global Warming
________: An increase in the average global temperature.
31
New cards
Sea Breeze
________: blows from the water toward the land in the afternoon, when the land is warmer than the water.
32
New cards
Troposphere
a layer extending about 12 km, on average, above Earths surface; temperature normally decreases with height
33
New cards
Temperature Inversion
When temperature increases with height
34
New cards
Greenhouse Effect
The emission of infrared waves by gases in Earths atmosphere
35
New cards
Latent Heat
the thermal energy released when water changes state from a gas to a liquid, or from a liquid to a solid
36
New cards
Westerlies
winds that blow from the west in middle latitudes
37
New cards
Jet Streams
control many weather processes, such as storm development
38
New cards
Weather Fronts
associated with low pressure systems
39
New cards
Biosphere
all living organisms and the environments in which they live
40
New cards
Maritime Climate
A climate that is strongly affected by an ocean
41
New cards
Continental Climate
A climate that is not directly affected by an ocean
42
New cards
Sea Breeze
blows from the water toward the land in the afternoon, when the land is warmer than the water
43
New cards
Global Warming
An increase in the average global temperature
44
New cards
El Niño
the warming of the Pacific Ocean off the coast of western South America that occurs every 3 to 10 years
45
New cards
La Niña
occurs when trade winds in the Pacific are unusually strong and equatorial oceanic surface temperatures are colder than normal