Cationic Surfactants

causes cell wall lysis

MOA of Cationic Surfactants

Quaternary NH+4

compounds which ionize in water

Cationic head and long hydrocarbon tail

which part of the Quaternary NH+4 exerts bactericidal action against a broad spectrum of gram (+) and (-) bacteria and provides a keratolytic action and has relatively good tissue penetration

Advantages

• broad spectrum antimicrobial activity

• highly water soluble

• relatively non-toxic

• stable in solution

• non staining and noncorrosive

Advantages or Disadvantages of Cationic Surfactants?

Disadvantages

inactivation by :

• anionic detergents or soap t

• issue constituents

• blood or pus it is not active against spores

Advantages or Disadvantages of Cationic Surfactants

• Benzalkonium chloride

• Methylbenzethonium chloride

• Benzethonium Chloride, USP

• Cetylpyridinium Chloride

• Chlorhexidine Gluconate

Drugs under Cationic Surfactants

Benzalkonium chloride

• Detergent

• emulsifying agent or wetting agent

• Skin antiseptic

Zephiran©

Benzalkonium chloride brand name

Methylbenzethonium chloride

used for control of diaper rash in infants caused by Corynebacterium ammoniagenes

Benzethonium Chloride, USP

• similar to benzalkonium chloride.

• 1:750 concentration = for skin antisepsis.

• 1:5,000 = For the irrigation of mucous membranes

1:750 concentration

Ratio concentration of Benzethonium Chloride, USP for skin antisepsis

• 1:5,000

Ratio of Benzethonium Chloride, USP for the irrigation of mucous membranes

Phemerol Chloride©

Benzethonium Chloride, USP Brandname

Cetylpyridinium chloride

• used in lozenges, troches and mouthwashes as localinfective action

• It is the most active of a series of alkylpyridinium derivatives

Ceeprin©

Cetylpyridinium Chloride brand name

Chlorhexidine Gluconate

Chlorhexidine Gluconate

• the most effective of a series of antibacterial biguanides

• preoperative skin disinfection

• wound irrigation

• bladder irrigation

• mouthwashes

Hibiclens©

Chlorhexidine Gluconate Brand name