Origin, Insertion, and Action of Leg and Foot

What is the action of the Popliteus?

Medially rotate the flexed knee, internally rotate the tibia, and rotate the femur in a closed chain.

What is the origin of the Popliteus?

Lateral condyle of the femur.

What is the insertion of the Popliteus?

Proximal posterior aspect of the tibia.

What is the action of the Gastrocnemius?

Flexes the knee and plantar flexes the ankle.

What is the origin of the Gastrocnemius?

Condyles of the femur, posterior surface.

What is the insertion of the Gastrocnemius?

Calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon (Achilles tendon).

What is the action of the Soleus?

Plantar flex the ankle.

What is the origin of the Soleus?

Soleal line of the tibia.

What is the insertion of the Soleus?

Calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon.

What is the action of the Peroneus (Fibularis) Longus?

Evert the foot and assist with plantar flexion.

What is the origin of the Peroneus (Fibularis) Longus?

Head of the fibula and proximal two-thirds of the lateral fibula.

What is the insertion of the Peroneus (Fibularis) Longus?

Base of the first metatarsal and medial cuneiform.

What is the action of the Peroneus (Fibularis) Brevis?

Evert the foot and assist with plantar flexion.

What is the origin of the Peroneus (Fibularis) Brevis?

Distal two-thirds of the lateral fibula.

What is the insertion of the Peroneus (Fibularis) Brevis?

Tuberosity of the fifth metatarsal.

What is the action of the Peroneus (Fibularis) Tertius?

Evert the foot and assist with dorsiflexion.

What is the origin of the Peroneus (Fibularis) Tertius?

Medial surface of distal one-third of fibula via the interosseous membrane.

What is the insertion of the Peroneus (Fibularis) Tertius?

Dorsum of base of the fifth metatarsal.

What is the action of the Tibialis Anterior?

Invert the foot and dorsiflex the ankle.

What is the origin of the Tibialis Anterior?

Lateral condyle of tibia, proximal lateral surface of tibia, and interosseous membrane near Gerdie's tubercle.

What is the insertion of the Tibialis Anterior?

Medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal.

What is the action of the Extensor Digitorum Longus?

Extend the 2nd through 5th toes, dorsiflex the ankle, and evert the foot.

What is the origin of the Extensor Digitorum Longus?

Lateral condyle of tibia; proximal anterior shaft of fibula and interosseous membrane.

What is the insertion of the Extensor Digitorum Longus?

Middle and distal phalanges of 2nd through 5th toes.

What is the action of the Extensor Hallucis Longus?

Extend the first toe, dorsiflex the ankle, and invert the foot.

What is the origin of the Extensor Hallucis Longus?

Middle anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane.

What is the insertion of the Extensor Hallucis Longus?

Distal phalanx of first toe.

What is the action of the Tibialis Posterior?

Invert the foot and plantar flex the ankle.

What is the origin of the Tibialis Posterior?

Proximal posterior shafts of tibia and fibula and interosseous membrane.

What is the insertion of the Tibialis Posterior?

All five tarsal bones and bases of 2nd through 4th metatarsals.

What is the action of the Flexor Digitorum Longus?

Flex the 2nd through 5th toes, weak plantar flexion of the ankle, and invert the foot.

What is the origin of the Flexor Digitorum Longus?

Middle posterior surface of the tibia.

What is the insertion of the Flexor Digitorum Longus?

Distal phalanges of 2nd through 5th toes.

What is the action of the Flexor Hallucis Longus?

Flex the first toe, weak plantar flexion of the ankle, and invert the foot.

What is the origin of the Flexor Hallucis Longus?

Middle half of the posterior fibula.

What is the insertion of the Flexor Hallucis Longus?

Distal phalanx of the first toe.

What is the action of the Extensor Digitorum Brevis?

Extend the 2nd through 4th toes.

What is the origin of the Extensor Digitorum Brevis?

Dorsal surface of the calcaneus.

What is the insertion of the Extensor Digitorum Brevis?

2nd through 4th toes via the extensor digitorum longus tendons.

What is the action of the Flexor Digitorum Brevis?

Flex middle phalanges of 2nd through 5th toes.

What is the origin of the Flexor Digitorum Brevis?

Medial process of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis.

What is the insertion of the Flexor Digitorum Brevis?

Middle phalanges of 2nd through 5th toes.