MICROBIO CEE - Mycology

Acid fast bacteria examples?

Mycobacterium spp.

Disease associated:

• TB, often resistant to multiple drugs

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Disease associated:

• non-TB disease in AIDS

Mycobacterium avium–intracellulare

Disease associated:

• Leprosy/Hansen disease

Mycobacterium leprae

Cutaneous mycoses examples?

• Tinea (dermatophytes)

• Tinea (pityriasis) versicolor

Tinea (dermatophytes) examples

Tinea

• capitis

• corporis

• cruris

• pedis

• unguium

Tinea on scalp/head?

Tinea capitis

Disease associated:

lymphadenopathy, alopecia, scaling

Tinea capitis

Tinea on body (usually torso)

Tinea corporis

Disease associated:

• scaly rings (“ringworm”) ; thru infected animals

Tinea corporis

Tinea on inguinal area, groin

Tinea cruris

Tinea on foot

Tinea pedis

Tinea on nails

Tinea unguium

Disease associated:

• Onychomycosis

Tinea unguium

Tinea (pityriasis) versicolor example

Malassezia spp. (Pityrosporum spp.)

Disease associated:

• hypopigmentation

Malassezia spp. (Pityrosporum spp.)

Info:

• Spaghetti and meatballs” appearance

• TX: selenium sulfide

Malassezia spp. (Pityrosporum spp.)

Subcutaneous mycoses example?

Sporothrix schenckii

Disease associated:

rose gardener’s disease

Sporothrix schenckii

Treatment for Sporothirx schenckii

itraconazole

Opportunistic mycoses examples?

• Candida albicans

• Aspergillus fumigatus

• Pneumocystis jirovecii

Disease associated:

• oral and esophageal thrush

• diaper rash, endocarditis

• candidiasis

Candida albicans

Other info:

• forms pseudohyphae and budding yeasts at 20°C, germ tubes at 37°C

Candida albicans

Disease associated:

• produce Aflatoxins

  ( hepatocellular carcinoma)

Aspergillus fumigatus

Other info:

• branch at 45° Acute Angle

• TX: voriconazole

Aspergillus fumigatus

Treatment for Aspergillus fumigatus

voriconazole

Disease associated:

•  Immunosuppression (eg, AIDS) predisposes to disease

Pneumocystis jirovecii

Other info:

• Disc-shaped yeast

• Treatment/prophylaxis: TMP-SMX

• Start prophylaxis when CD4+ count drops to < 200 cells/mm3 in HIV patient

Pneumcystis jirovecii

Systemic mycoses disease examples

• Histoplasmosis

• Blastomycosis

• Coccidioidomycosis

• Paracoccidioidomycosis

Systemic mycoses disease endmic in Mississippi and Ohio

Histoplasmosis

Systemic mycoses feature:

Macrophage filled with Histoplasma

Histoplasmosis

Systemic mycoses disease endmic in Eastern and Central US

Blastomycosis

Systemic mycoses disease feature:

Broad-based budding

Blastomycosis

Systemic mycoses disease endmic in California

Coccidioidomycosis

Systemic mycoses disease feature:

Spherule

Coccidioidomycosis

Systemic mycoses disease endmic in Latin America

Paracoccidioidomycosis

Systemic mycoses disease feature:

“captain’s wheel” formation

Paracoccidioidomycosis