CNA 1 - AA

Module AA

Tachycardia

Rapid heart rate

Bradycardia

Low heart rate

Tachypnea

Rapid respirations

Hypotensive

Low blood pressure

Hypertensive

High blood pressure

Febrile

With a fever

What are measurements in vital signs?

Temperature, pulse, respirations, blood pressure, height, weight, intake and outtake of fluids, and pain

Normal blood pressure

90-119 Systolic / 60-79 Diastolic — 120/80 according to the American Heart Association

Normal respirations

12-20 a minute

Normal pulse

60-100 per minute

Normal temperature

Temporal artery, tympanic, and oral 97.6-99.6

Rectal 98.6-100.6

Axillary 96.6-98.6

Normal fluid intake

Intake and output should be equal

When not to take temperature?

Unconscious, surgery (at site), injury to site, sores redness and pain at site, confusion/agitation, history of seizures, oxygen in use, mouth breather, feeding tubes = rectal diarrhea and heart problems

Systolic

Top number in blood pressure. Blood is leaving the heart.

Diastolic

Bottom number in blood pressure. Heart is at rest filling with blood.

Dehydration

Inadequate amount of fluid

Edema

Swelling caused by excess fluid in the body

Erythema

Abnormal pumping of heart

Malnourished

Poor nutrition caused by poor diet

Signs of dehydration

Dry mouth, cracked lips, sunken eyes, dark urine, strong-smelling urine, less frequent urination, weight loss, fatigue, dizziness, abdominal pain, and resident states they are thirsty

NPO

Nothing by mouth

How to document intake and output?

Measure everything they eat and drinks by mouth as well as urine and vomitus produced

BID

Two times a day

QID

Four times a day

ac

Before meals

hs

At bedtime

How many ml in a cubic centimeter?

1 They are the same

How many ml in an ounce?

30

Temporal pulse

Pulse on forehead over temporal artery

Carotid pulse

Pulse on both sides of neck

Apical pulse

Pulse over the heart

Brachial pulse

Pulse on the crooks of the elbows

Radial pulse

Pulse on the wrist on the thumb side

Pedal pulse

Pulse on the top of the feet. Also used to check circulation

Popliteal pulse

Pulse on the back of the knees.

What do you measure height in?

Feet and inches- write ft. and in.!

What do you measure weight in?

Pounds- write lbs.!

TRP & BP

Body temperature, respiratory rate, pulse rate and blood pressure

What affects body temperature?

Age, illness, stress, environment, exercise, and the time of the day

Eupnea

Normal breathing

mm HG

Millimeters of mercury

What is the value of the lines on a manometer?

Long lines are 10 mm HG and short lines are 2 mm HG

What direction does a needle drop on a manometer?

Counterclockwise

How should you be positioned when measuring blood pressure?

Make sure they have an empty bladder, legs straight with adequate back support while supporting their arm at heart level.

How to check for orthostatic hypotension?

check while laying down, sit them up and wait two minutes and check again, have them stand up and wait two minutes and check again