Ideology Part 1 - Flashcards

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts from the Ideology Part 1 lecture.

Ideology

The manner in which humans think of different interests and values.

Ideology

A set of ideas designed to describe the existing political order, present a vision of what the ideal political order should look like, and, if necessary, prescribe a means to transform into the latter.

Reason

The observation and interpretation of reality based on evidence and logic unprejudiced by superstition or traditional beliefs.

Individualism

The belief that individuals are rational and are able to pursue their own interests.

Negative Liberty

Individual freedom from external constraints and authority; also known as ‘freedom from ’.

Positive Liberty

Associated with socialism, it derives from the query as to whether an individual is able to reach their goals or full potential – ‘am I my own master?’

Political Equality

Every citizen of a political entity is equal before the law and has the same rights.

Constitution

Bodies of principles governing relations between a state and its citizens.

Free Market

Economic liberals believe that government interference in the economy leads to inefficient economic outcomes.

Socialism

Emphasizes self-fulfillment when it comes to work and the ability of humans to relate to one another in an authentic manner, and requires more than just political equality.

Communism

The final stage of history, where humans reach their full potential as free beings, transcending liberalism and capitalism.

Relations of Production

Specific relations between two antagonistic social classes.

Forces of Production

Technology, materials, organization of work, etc.

Evolutionary Socialists

Believe that socialism can become a reality gradually through reforms.

Revolutionary Socialists

Believe that capitalism cannot be reformed gradually and that capitalist governments need to be overthrown by force.