ap chem memory stuff

ammonium

NH4+

copper (I) green

Cu+

hydronium

H3O+

silver

Ag+

cadmium(II)

Cd+2

chromium(II)

Cr+2

copper (II) (blue)

Cu+2

Cobalt (II) (blue)

Co²⁺

iron (II)

Fe²⁺

lead(II)

pb+2

mercury (I)

Hg2 +2

mercury (II)

Hg²⁺

manganese(II)

Mn+2

nickel(II) (green)

Ni+2

tin(II)

Sn+2

vanadium(II)

V+2

zinc

Zn+2

cobalt(III) (blue)_

Co+3

chromium (III)

Cr³⁺

iron(III)

Fe³⁺

lead(III)

Pb³⁺

Nickel (III)

Ni³⁺

vanadium(III)

V³⁺

tin(IV)

Sn⁴⁺

lead(IV)

Pb⁴⁺

vanadium(IV)

V⁴⁺

manganese(VII)

Mn ⁷⁺

acetate

C₂H₃O₂⁻

hypobromite

BrO-

bromite

BrO2-

bromate

BrO3-

perbromate

BrO4-

hypoclorite

ClO-

chlorite

ClO2-

chlorate

ClO3-

perchlorate

ClO4-

cyanide

CN-

dihydrogen phosphate

H2PO4-

formate

HCOO-

hydrogen carbonate

(bicarbonate)

HCO3-

hydrogen sulfite

(bisulfite)

HSO3-

hydrogen sulfate

(bisulfate)

HSO4-

bisulfide

HS-

hydroxide

OH-

nitrite

NO2-

nitrate

NO3-

hypoiodite

IO-

iodite

IO2-

iodate

IO3-

periodate

IO4-

permanganate (purple)

MnO4-

thiocyanate

SCN-

carbonate

CO3 -2

chromate (yellow)

CrO4 -2

dichromate (orange)

Cr2O7 -2

hydrogen phosphate

HPO4 -2

oxalate

C2O4 -2

peroxide

O2 -2

sulfite

SO3 -2

sulfate

SO4 -2

thiosulfate

S2O3 -2

phosphite

PO3 -3

phosphate

PO4 -3

arsenate

AsO4 -3

alkali metals (group 1)

ammonium ion

soluble or no

yes

alkali metals (H+,Li+,Na+,K+,Rb+,Cs+)

(NH4+)

Nitrates, bicarbonates, chlorate, perchlorates, acetates.

soluble or no

yes

(NO3-)

(HCO3-)

(ClO3-)

(ClO4-)

(cH3COO-)

halides (second to last group)

soluble or no

yes w exceptions

Cl- Br- I- works

Ag+ Pb +2 and Hg2 +2 no work (APH)

fluorine ion (F-)

soluble or no

yes except

(Ca +2/ Ba +2/ Sr+2) (CBS)

Pb +2/ Mg +2) (PM)

sulfates (SO4 -2)

soluble or no

Soluble but

Ca²⁺ / Ba²⁺ / Sr²⁺(CBS)

Ag⁺ / Pb²⁺ / Hg2 +2(APH)

carbonate, chromate, oxalate, sulfides, sulfite, phosphate

soluble or no

insoluble except alkali metals and NH4+

hydroxide and peroxides

soluble or no

insoluble except alkali metals and NH4+

*Ca +2 / Ba +2 / *Sr +2 (CBS)

diatomic element

Br2I2N2Cl2H2O2F2

Kilo-

k 10^3

deci-

d 10^-1

centi-

c 10^-2

milli-

m 10-3

micro-

μ, 10⁻⁶

nano-

n 10⁻⁹

strong acids (H+)

hydrochloric acid HCl

hydrobromic acid HBr

hydroiodic acid HI

perchloric acid HClO4

nitric acid HNO3

periodic acid HIO4

sulfuric acid H2SO4

strong bases (OH-)

lithium hydroxide LiOH

sodium hydroxide NaOH

potassium hydroxide KOH

rubidium hydroxide RbOH

cesium hydroxide CSOH

calcium hydroxide *Ca(OH)2

strontium hydroxide *Sr(OH)2

barium hydroxide Ba(OH)2