Quiz signal transduction

Cells produce growth factors that act on themselves. What is the best description of this signaling process?

 

Autocrine

Which of the following is defined as a cell-surface receptor? Select all that apply.

receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)

Which of the following is both a receptor and a transcription factor?  Select all that apply.

estrogen receptor, androgen receptor

Which of the following G alpha subunit inhibits membrane adenylyl cyclase (mAC)?

Gα_i/o

Which of the following phosphorylates GPCR to enhance the binding of beta-arrestin to GPCR?

GRK

Which of the following is a lipid kinase?

PI3K

Which of the following has GTPase activity? Select all that apply. 

RAS, Ga_s

Second messenger IP₃ promotes Ca²⁺ release from

smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

Which of the following converts PIP2 to PIP3?

PI3K

Which of the following hydrolyze PIP2 to IP3 and DAG? 

Phospholipase C (PLC)

Upon GPCR activation, the G beta gamma dimer (select all that apply)

inhibits certain types of Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels to block Ca²⁺ entry, binds to GIRK channel, allowing K⁺ to exit the cell

Which of the following is a second messenger?

cAMP

PI3K produces a membrane-bound second messenger. It is

Ca²⁺

AKT is recruited to PIP₃ because it contains a 

 

PH domain

Which of the following is a binding partner of Grb2 in the EGFR signaling pathway? Select all that apply. 

phosphorylated EGFR, SOS

Grb2 binds to the phosphorylated RTK because it contains a

SH2 domain

Which of the following acts as a Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor (GEF) to activate RAS?

SOS

Which of the following binds to RAS to keep it “ON”?

GTP