Matthew, Luke, and Gospel Criticism: Key Concepts and Historical Contexts

Matthew is seeking to engender exclusive loyalty to the covenant of Moses

False

Matthew's Gospel and Luke's conform to Greco-Roman biography

True

Matthew retains no Jewish features

False

Matthew wrote for a community he did not share beliefs with

False

Matthew's Jesus parallels Israel's history

True

Matthew is structured around "When Jesus finished saying these things"

True

Matthew can be structured around "From that time Jesus began to..."

True

Matthew calls Jesus Messiah but never God

False

Jesus wants to abolish Moses' law in Matthew

False

Jesus' entry into Jerusalem matches a typical royal procession

False

Jesus as Messiah is revealed through the cross in Matthew

True

"Kata Maththaion" was added after 150 AD

True

Matthew frequently cites the Old Testament

True

Some in Matthew's community may have been anti-Gentile

True

Matthew's community was likely in Jerusalem

False

Allegorical interpretation seeks the literal meaning

False

Critical approaches led to the historical Jesus quest

True

Form criticism classifies genres

True

Form critics think Gospels succeed as historical biographies

False

Form critics see Gospels as pericopes shaped in stages

True

Form critics peel layers for historical clues

True

Redaction critics study how authors edit sources

True

Redaction critics analyze theology of Matthew/Luke

True

Redaction criticism ignores community

False

Each literary genre has conventions

True

Genre family resemblance aids interpretation

True

Matthew avoids inclusio

False

Matthew includes no Old Testament quotations

False

Matthew focuses on launching the Kingdom of God

True

"Kingdom of God" = "Kingdom of heaven"

True

Kingdom has no future aspect in Matthew

False

Kingdom is present but hidden

True

Matthew sees Jesus as fulfilling the Torah

True

Matthew does not take Jesus as embodiment of God

False

In Luke, Jesus' Davidic lineage is through Joseph

False

Jesus preached on his own authority

True

Matthew parallels Jesus with Israel's story

True

Matthew avoids portraying Jesus as worshipped

False

Baptism was expected in Matthew's community

True

Matthew is the only Gospel to use "ekklesia"

True

Forgiveness is central to Matthew's community

True

Redaction critics think Jesus used the term "church"

False

Redaction critics say "church" reflects Matthew, not Jesus

True

John's synagogue-expulsion scene reflects author's community

True

Luke and Acts are a unified work

True

Oldest manuscript naming Luke is from the 1st century

False

Luke may have been Paul's companion

True

Luke knew Greek but not Jewish culture

False

Infancy narratives appear in Matthew, Luke, and Mark

False

Exaltation includes resurrection and ascension

True

Mark was the only other Jesus narrative in Luke's time

False

Luke valued eyewitness testimony

True

Luke intended strict chronology

False

Early Christians claimed eyewitnesses to resurrection

True

Gospel of Thomas uses Q material

True

Parallelism exists between births of John & Jesus

True

Luke's genealogy goes to Adam

True

Early Christians rejected the Old Testament like Gnostics

False

New age begins with John the Baptist

True

Jesus brings good news to the poor

True

Luke indicates a 3-year ministry

False

Jesus taught kingdom comes after Son of Man's suffering

True

Jesus rejected paying taxes to Caesar

False

Jesus dies as a regal prophet in Luke

True

Jesus appeared only to women after resurrection

False

Luke ends with a mission and Spirit promise

True

Ancient biographies were known as bioi

True

All ancient biographies were chronological

False

Statesman biographies were often chronological

True

An apologia is a legal defense

True

Ancient biographies could be didactic

True

Biographers invented events freely

False

Gospels' focus on Jesus' last week is unusual

True

Gospels were written in Hebrew

False

Form and redaction critics see final form as exact historical words of Jesus

False

Jesus is the only first-century Jewish teacher with biographies

True

Luke opens and closes with temple worship

True

Ave Maria has roots in Luke

True

The first lines of Hail Mary come from Gabriel's words

True

Magnificat comes from Luke

True

Jesus never prays in Gospels

False

Meals are important in Luke

True

Luke shows special concern for outcasts

True

Jesus avoids women in Luke

False

Salvation only future in Luke

False

Jesus is savior even from birth for Luke

True

Evangelion means "good news"

True

Synoptics: evangelion = Kingdom of God's arrival

True

Evangelium not used in Greco-Roman culture

False

Augustus was hailed as savior

True

Evangelion used in Septuagint

True

Isaiah written by a single author

False

Isaiah contains good news for returning exiles

True

Jesus is sole herald of good news in Mark

False

Mark connects good news with Jesus' death

True

Matthew does not use the term "evangelion"

False

Luke: good news = hope for poor + cosmic lordship

True

Mark 1:1 "Gospel of Jesus Christ" = gospel Jesus preached

True

Jesus preaches "gospel of God" in Mark

True

After resurrection, Jesus becomes the good news

True