Neuroimaging

What does an Electroencephalogram (EEG) measure?

It measures the movement of electricity across the scalp to indicate neuronal activity, including brain frequency and amplitude.

What are some uses of Electroencephalogram (EEG)?

Detecting and investigating epilepsy, investigating states of consciousness, and diagnosing abnormalities such as deafness and visual issues in infants.

What is a key advantage of using EEG for neuroimaging?

It is cheap, offers good temporal resolution, and is non-invasive.

What is one limitation of EEG?

It does not indicate why a problem is occurring and requires a lot of interpretation.

What is the purpose of Computed Axial Tomography (CT)?

CT is used to detect tumors, strokes, and abnormalities in brain structure by creating cross-sectional pictures of the brain.

What are the advantages of using CT for neural imaging?

CT shows the extent of a lesion and is quicker than MRI.

What is a limitation of CT scans?

CT involves higher levels of radiation, increasing the risk of cancer.

How does Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) produce images?

MRI uses a strong magnetic field, radio-frequency pulses, and computers to create 3D images of the brain.

What are the uses of MRI?

MRI is used to detect tumors and other abnormalities in the brain.

What is an advantage of MRI compared to other imaging techniques?

MRI does not use ionizing radiation and has excellent spatial resolution.

What is a disadvantage of MRI?

MRI has a strong magnetic field and is expensive.

What is the function of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)?

fMRI measures brain activity by observing changes in oxygen consumption by neurons during activity.

What is one advantage of fMRI?

fMRI allows for the observation and measurement of changes in brain activity without ionizing radiation.

What is a limitation of fMRI?

Like MRI, fMRI also involves the use of a strong magnetic field.

How is a CT taken?

A CT scan is taken by using X-rays to create detailed images of the body's internal structures, capturing multiple cross-sectional views.

How is a MRI taken?

An MRI is taken by using strong magnetic fields and radio waves to generate detailed images of the body's internal structures.

How is an fMRI taken?

An fMRI is taken by using strong magnetic fields and radio waves, similar to an MRI, but it measures brain activity when neurons are consuming oxygen.

What does CT stand for?

Computerised Axial Tomography

What does MRI stand for?

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

What does fMRI stand for?

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

What does EEG stand for?

Electroencephalogram

Give an example of where a CT would be used.

A CT scan is commonly used in emergency medicine to quickly assess injuries, such as detecting internal bleeding or fractures.

Give an example of where a MRI would be used.

An MRI is often used to provide detailed images of soft tissues in the body, such as the brain, spinal cord, and joints, to diagnose conditions like tumors or nerve damage.

Give an example of where a fMRI would be used.

An fMRI is used to measure and map brain activity by detecting changes in blood flow, often utilized in research and clinical settings to study brain functions and disorders.

Give an example of where an EEG would be used.

An EEG is used to monitor electrical activity in the brain, commonly utilized in diagnosing conditions such as epilepsy or sleep disorders.