Barriers and compartments

What does connective tissue consist of?

cells(Fibroblast, adipocytes,macrophages, mast cells ) +

extracellular matrix (collagen, elastin)

What type of collagen are reticular fibres made up of?

Type III

What is the point at which the trachea bifurcates called?

Carina T4/5

What is the difference between regular and irregular dense connective tissue?

Regular dense CT - collagen fibers are arranged parallel to each other with fibroblasts and strength is in 1 direction

Irregular dense CT - collagen fibers are arranged randomly and strength is in multiple directions

Difference between loose and dense connective tissue?

Loose is widely spaced with collagen and elastin and dense is tightly packed by collagen fibres

Skeletal muscle

striated and voluntary

Location: muscle attached to bone

cardiac muscle

involuntary, striated

Location: heart

smooth muscle

involuntary, non-striated

Controls movement of hollow organs

Why does the trachea have c shaped cartilage?

Support and to allow it to move

Structure of tube in digestive tract (from the outside)

Adventitia

Smooth muscle

Submucosa

Mucosa

Lumen

What cells are found in the stomach?

Patietal (oxynitic) cells: produces HCl

Chief (Zymogenic) cells: produces enzymes

Endocrine cells: produces hormones

Where is the appendix located?

Outgrowth of the caecum

What cells make up cartilage?

Chondocytes

Skeletal muscle

Smooth muscle

Cardiac muscle

Hyaline cartilage

Fibrocartilage

Loose connective tissue

Dense regular connective tissue

Dense irregular connective tissue

What are the airway layers?

1. Respiratory epithelium: pseudostratified columnar, ciliated + BM. Also contain goblet cells which form mucus.

2. Lamina propria: contain connective tissue, blood and lymph - give nutrients and structural support.

3. Submucosa: seromucus glands, smooth muscle/elastin fibres.

4. Cartilage: hyaline cartilage - C-shaped in trachea, but less prominent as tubes get smaller.

What vessels make up the portal triad?

the hepatic artery, the hepatic portal vein and the bile duct

Describe the lovers dual blood supply

The hepatic artery delivers oxygenated blood from the general circulation.

the hepatic portal vein delivering deoxygenated blood from the small intestine containing nutrients

Which muscle that controls the diameter of the trachea

Trachealis muscle