Metamorphic Rocks and Processes

Flashcards covering key concepts about metamorphic rocks and their classification, formation processes, and associated mineral properties.

What are the two main textures of metamorphic rocks?

Non-foliated and foliated.

What is a protolith?

The rock that was metamorphosed to form a metamorphic rock; also known as the 'parent rock'.

What metamorphic rock is formed from limestone?

Marble.

What is the result of high-grade metamorphism?

Strong compressional forces, high temperatures and pressures that deformed layers of segregated minerals.

What happens to shale/mudstone as metamorphic grade increases?

It transforms into slate and the texture changes to show slaty cleavage.

What is the role of index minerals in metamorphism?

They indicate the metamorphic pressure and temperature conditions experienced during metamorphism.

What type of metamorphism occurs due to the intrusion of magma?

Contact metamorphism.

What defines regional metamorphism?

Widespread changes in temperature and pressure due to tectonic forces.

What is hydrothermal metamorphism?

Changes caused by the interaction with hot, ion-rich fluids.

What does the term 'degree of metamorphism' refer to?

It refers to the temperature and pressure conditions surrounding the rock.

What are metamorphic facies?

A group of minerals that indicates the metamorphic pressure and temperature conditions experienced during metamorphism.

What mineral is commonly associated with high-grade metamorphism?

Garnet.

What is the difference between contact and regional metamorphism?

Contact metamorphism is local due to magma intrusion, while regional metamorphism involves widespread changes due to tectonic forces.

What are the conditions for zeolite facies?

Low temperature and low pressure.

What type of metamorphism is indicated by the presence of migmatite?

A combination of igneous and metamorphic textures formed under extreme conditions.