Anatomy and Physiology 3rd (Cells)

Tell me what is Matter

Anything that takes up space and has mass

Tell me what an element is

It is the simplest type of matter with distinct chemical prperties

Tell me what an atom is

It is the smallest form of an element with the chemical properties of that element

Tell me what molecule is

It is two or more atoms joined by a chemical boundTe

Tell me what a compoundd is

It is a molecule that contain atoms from different elements

Tell me what the nucleus is

It is composed of two particles: proton and Neutron

Tell me what an electron is

It is a -ve electrical charge

Tell me what an atomic number is

It is the number of protons and number of electrons

Or the number at the bottom

Tell me what the mass or atomic mass number is

It is the number of protons plus the number of neutrons in an atom

Tell me what the atomic weight is

It is the average of the mass numbers of the isotopes of an element

Tell me what chemical bonds are

They are lasting interactions between atoms that results from the redistribution of electrons

Tell me what govern the chemical properties of an atoms

The number of electrons in the outer shellTe

Tell me what an ion is

It is an atom that has gained or lost electrons to obtain a full outer shellTel

Tell me what a cation is

It is a positively charged ionTe

Tell me what an Anion is

It is a negatively charged ion

Tell me what an ionic bond is

It is the attraction between ions with opposite electrical chatre

Tell me what can disrupt an ionic bond

Water

Tell me what hydrogen bonds are

It is a slightly positive face of one polar molecule and the slightly negative face of another

Tell me what H bonds are responsible for

Unique physical properties, solubility go substances, protein folding, and nucleic acid structure

Tell me what a reactant is

It is the starting materialTel

Tell me what a product is

It is the substance formed

Tell me what a synthesis reaction is

A + B —> ABTe

Tell me what a decomposition reaction is

AB —> A + B

Tell me what an exchange reaction is

AB + CD —> AD + CBT

Tell me what a reversible reaction is

It is A + B and ABT

Tell me what a catalysts is

It is the molecules that influence the rates of chemical reactions but are not consumer in the process

Tell me what an electrolyte is

It is a substance that reales ions in water —> NaCl —> Na+ + Cl^-

Tell me what an acid is

It is chemicals that realize H⁺ ions when dissolved in water

An example is HCL —> H⁺ + Cl^-Te

Tell me what a base is

It is a chemical that release ions that can combine with H⁺ ions

An example of it is NaOH —> Na⁺ + OH^-Tel

Tell me what a salt is

It is when an electrolyt formed an acid and a base react

Example: HCL + NaOH —> H2O + NaCl

Tell me what a pH scale is

It indicated the concentration of hydrgen ions

Tell me what neutral means

It is pH7Te

Tell me what acidic means

It is a pH less than 7Te

Tell me what a basic is

It is greater than 7T

Tell me what Monosacchardies are

Glucose, fructose

Tell me what Disaccharides are

Sucrose, lactose

Tell me what a Polysaccharides are

It is glycogen, cellulose (plants only)

Tell me characteristics of lipids

Used to store cellular energy, contain C,H,O Has 1 glycerol and.3 fatty acids

Tell characteristics of DNA

Stores a cell’s genetic information, has nucleotides, contains deoxyribose, and has a double stranded helix

Tell me characteristics of RNA

Carries a protein synthesizing system, has nucleotides and the structure is a single stands