10.17 - New Dynasties - Hundred Years War Phase One

Treaty of Edinburgh, 1328

Scotland is independent. Joan of the Tower marries Robert’s son, David, creating a new dynasty of the Brus. Intermarriage with the English royal family.

King David II, r.1329-71

Edward III encourages another claim to the throne, causing a rebellion against David

Edward Balliol

trying to be king of Scotland. Scottish noble who sells everyone to England.

Battle of Halidon Hill, 1333

The Scottish nobles are divided

Declaration of Arbroath, 1320

sent to the Pope. The Scots chose Robert I (r.1306 - 29), David’s father, but will never be English

David and his wife Joan go into exile in France while Balliol says he’s king, sparking the

2nd War of Scottish Independence

Robert, The High Steward of Scotland

the most important noble loyal to David who leads the war against England and Balliol. Son of Marjorie Bruce, daughter of Robert Bruce.

in 1346, Edward III is busy with the 100 Years’ War and doesn’t want to be in Scotland, but Philip of France

asks the Scots to invade England

Battle of Neville’s Cross, 1346

Edward is in France while the Scots invade, so his wife Philippa leads the army. David II is taken captive.

Treaty of Berwick, 1357

Daid is released from captivity in exchange for a huge ransom Scotland can’t pay off

Abstract of Indenture, 1363

would lower the debt terms, but if David dies without children, the King of England will succeed him, and the three estates - nobles, commons, clergy - refuse

King Robert II, r.1371-1390

previously High Steward. House of Stuart dynasty begins - he becomes king because they refuse to have an English king

Richard II, r.1377-1399

Black Prince and Edward III have died. John of Gaunt is his regent. Lots of uncertainty

Richard II’s problems that are similar to Edward II

has favorites, doesn’t govern with Parliament, which is now 2 houses and must consent to taxation

Richard II takes land from this family and from Henry Bolingbroke

Lancaster

Henry Bolingbroke brings an army and calls to depose the king, saying he only follows his desire, and not the law, citing

Policraticus

Richard is

deposed and exiled

Henry IV, r.1399-1413

House of Lancaster begins. Angevins are gone. King only because Parliament said so - Richard’s cousin.