STM 005

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A measure of the speed of diffusion or the capacity for spreading.

Diffusibility

a material property that describes its tendency to fracture with little to no plastic deformation when stress is applied to it

Brittleness

Properties that are exhibited by a material when the heat is passed through it.

Thermal

The measure of how much a given volume of matter decreases when placed under pressure

Compressibility

ability of an object or material to resume its normal shape after being stretched or compressed.

Elasticity

The tendency of a liquid in a capillary tube or absorbent material to rise or fall as a result of surface tension.

Capillarity

A material's ability to undergo significant plastic deformation under tensile stress before rapture

Ductility

a material that describes its ability to deform under pressure or hammering without cracking or breaking

Malleability

the resistance of a fluid (liquid or gas) to a change in shape or movement of neighboring portions relative to one another. 

Viscosity

refers to how bendable something is. The more bendable it is, the more flexible it is.

Flexibility

a change in the form of matter but not in its chemical identity

Physical Change

a characteristic that can be observed for a material without changing its chemical identity.

Physical Properties of Matter

a property that depends on the amount of matter in a sample. 

Extensive Properties

a property of matter that depends only on the type of matter in a sample and not on the amount.

Intensive Properties

a change in which one or more kinds of matter are transformed into a new kind of matter or several new kinds of matter.

Chemical Change

a characteristic of a material involving its chemical change.

Chemical Properties of Matter

It refers to the closeness of a measured value to a standard or known value.

Accuracy

It refers to the closeness of two or more measurements to each other.

Precision

It is anything that occupies space and has mass.

Matter

It is a combination of two or more substances in which the substances retain their identity.

Mixture

The composition of the mixture, after sufficient stirring, is the same throughout the solution.

Homogenous Mixture

The individual components of a mixture remain physically separated and can be seen as separate components.

Heterogenous Mixture

It is a form of matter that has a definite or constant composition.

Substance

A substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by chemical means.

Element

A substance composed of atoms of two or more elements chemically united in fixed proportions.

Compound

a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances. The dissolving agent is the **solvent**, and the substance that is dissolved is the **solute**.

Solution

A heterogeneous mixture in which relatively large particles are scattered through solid, liquid, and gas. 

Suspension

a heterogeneous mixture in which the dispersed particles are intermediate in size between solution and suspension.

Colloid

are carbon-based compounds and are usually derived from living things (such as plants or animals). 

Organic Compounds

are compounds that do not contain carbon atoms and can be found in minerals, rocks, and water.

Inorganic Compounds

any hydrogen-containing substance that is capable of donating a proton (hydrogen ion) to another substance.

Acid

are characterized by a bitter taste and a slippery texture.

Base

It is the product of the reaction between an acid and a base (other than water).

Salts

These are elements that are good conductors of heat and electricity and tend to form positive ions in ionic compounds.

Metals

These are elements with properties intermediate between those of metals and non-metals.

Metalloid

These are elements that are usually poor conductors of heat and electricity.

Non-metal