aice international 1.1 & 1.2 vocabulary

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Imperial

of the nature or rank of an emperor or supreme ruler

Mercantilism

a form of economic nationalism that sought to increase the prosperity and power of a nation through restrictive trade practices

Deflation

General decline in prices for goods and services

Entrepreneurs

organizes, manages, and assumes the risks of a business or enterprise

Monopoly

exclusive ownership through legal privilege, command of supply, or concerted action

Nationalism

The belief that one’s own country is superior to other countries, and that its needs and interests should take priority over those of other nations

Geopolitics

a study of the influence of such factors as geography, economics, and demography on the politics and especially the foreign policy of a state

Leopod II

Second king of the Belgians from 1865 to 1909, and the founder and sole owner of the Congo Free State from 1885 to 1908

Suez Canal

Artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt , connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea through the Isthmus of Suez and dividing Africa and Asia.

Commerce

Exchange of goods and services between businesses

Christianity

the religion based on the person and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth, or its beliefs and practices.

Civilization

a relatively high level of cultural and technological development

Berlin Conference

Meeting where the major European powers negotiated and formalized claims to territory in Africa; also called the Berlin West Africa Conference

Genocide

the deliberate killing of a large number of people from a particular nation or ethnic group with the aim of destroying that nation or group

Patriotism

love for or devotion to one’s country

Racism

a belief that race is a fundamental determinant of human traits and capacities and that racial differences produce an inherent superiority of a particular race

Fashoda

a town in the north-eastern South Sudanese state of Upper Nile State. Also known as Kodak, and is the capital of Shilluk country. a small town in SE Sudan: scene of a diplomatic incident (1898) in which French occupation of the fort at Fashoda caused a crisis between France and Great Britain

Algeciras Crisis

international conference of the great European powers and the United States, held at Algeciras, Spain, to discuss France’s relationship to the government of Morocco.

First Opium War

 a series of military engagements fought between the British Empire and the Qing dynasty of China between 1839 and 1842.

Second Opium War

a colonial war lasting from 1856 to 1860, which pitted the British Empire and the French Empire against the Qing dynasty of China

Taiping Rebellion

a revolt against the Qing dynasty in China, fought with religious conviction over regional economic conditions, and lasted from 1850 to 1864

Boxer Rebellion

an anti-foreign, anti-colonial, and anti-Christian uprising in China between 1899 and 1901, towards the end of the Qing dynasty, by the Society of Righteous and Harmonious Fists.

Paul Kruger

a South African politician. He was one of the dominant political and military figures in 19th-century South Africa, and State President of the South African Republic from 1883 to 1900.

Boer Wars

a conflict fought between the British Empire and the two Boer Republics over the Empire's influence in Southern Africa from 1899 to 1902

Scorched Earth

a military strategy of destroying everything that allows an enemy to be able to fight a war, including water, food, humans, animals, plants and any kind of tools and infrastructure

Treaty of Shimonoseki

a treaty signed at the Shunpanrō hotel, Shimonoseki, Japan on April 17, 1895, between the Empire of Japan and Qing China, ending the First Sino-Japanese War

First Sino-Japanese War

a conflict between the Qing dynasty and Empire of Japan primarily over influence in Korea