A&P lecture ch 3. pt 1.

cell structure and function

non membranous organelles

SIX TYPES

1. cytoskeleton

2. microvilii

3. centrioles

4. cilla

5. ribosomes

6. proteasome

cytoskeleton

microvilli

centrioles

cilia

ribosomes

two types:

-free ribosomes in cytoplasm (inside cell)

-fixed ribosomes attached to ER (outside cell)

proteasome

membranous organelles

endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

-cisternae are storage chambers within membranes

-endo=withn, plasm=cytoplasm, reticulum=network

smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)

-no ribosomes

-sythnesizes lipids and carbohydrates

rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)

golgi apparatus

lysomes

peroxisomes

mitochondria

sex cells (germ cells)

reproductive cells, male sperm, female oocyte (egg)

somatic cells

“soma=body”

all body cells, except sex cells

extracellular fluid (interstitial fluid) EFC

-watery medium that surrounds a cell

-plasma membrane, separates cytoplasm from the extracellular fluid 

cytoplasm

jelly like substance that fills the cell

cytosol

the “jelly like substance”

anchoring proteins (membrane protein)

-stabilizers

-attach to inside or outside structures 

recognition proteins (membrane protein)

-identifiers

-these label cells as normal or abnormal

-often glycoproteins

enzymatic protiens (membrane proteins)

-catalyst reactions either in cytosol or in ECF, depending on location of active site 

receptor protiens (membrane proteins)

binds and respond to ligands (ions and hormones)

carrier protiens (membrane proteins)

-transport specific solutes through membrane

-may require ATP

channel protiens (membrane proteins)

regulate water flow and  small solutes through membrane

proteoglycans (membrane carbohydrates)-