health and wellness exam #2

Body composition

relative amount of fat vs. non-fat on the body

Lean body mass (LBM)

everything on the body is not fat

Fat mass

essential fat and non-essential fat

Essential fat

fat that is needed to maintain life

Non-essential fat

fat that is not necessary for life

factors affecting body comp.

genetics, aging, sex, diet, activity level

Body mass index (BMI)

a rough estimate of body fat % for average people

hunger

the physiological need for food

appetite

the psychological need for food

satiety

feeling of being satisfied by your meal

cardiovascular disease

#1 cause of death for man and women

arthrosclerosis

narrowing of blood vessels - caused by build up of “plaque”

arteriosclerosis

hardening of blood vessels

hypertension

High blood pressure

120/80

normal healthy blood pressure

angina pectoris

means chest pain - treatment is nitroglycerine

heart attack

myocardial infarction

thrombus

clot in the blood vessel

embolism

“wandering clot”

aneurysm

burst wall vessel

essential fat for male

3-6%

strange fat fir male

5-12%

total fat for male

8-18%

essential fat for women

12-15%

strange fat for women

5-12%

total fat for women

17-27%

what is BMI used for

a tool to help indicate weight related risk for weight related disease

BMI formula

703 x weight

height squared

underweight %

less than 18.5%

healthy weight %

18.5 - 24.9%

overweight %

25 - 29.9%

obese %

30+%

body fat deposition, 2 major patterns

android and gynoid

android

body fat accumlates in the abdominal region, (apple shape, men)

gynoid

body fat accumulates in the hips/butt (pear shape, women)

1 pound of body fat =

3500 calories

estrogen

reason women experience heart attacks later than men

mens age for heart attacks

40-50

women age fir heart attacks

50-60

plaque

cholesterol, fats, dead white blood cells

tachycardia

greater than 180 bpm

bradycardia

less than 50 bpm

fibrillation

spasmy

systolic blood pressure

top number, during the PUMP of the heart beat

diastolic blood pressure

bottom number, during the resting of the heart beat

risk factors that cant change

genetics, sex, age, race

risk factors that can be controlled

diabetes, high cholestrol, hbp, smoking

minor/contributing risk factors

sedentary, diet, alcohol, stress

hyperlipidemia

high cholesterol

diabetes

disease related to imbalance of blood sugar (glucose)

healthy blood sugar

less than or equal to 100

hypoglycemia

low blood sugar

hyperglycemia

high blood sugar

type 2 diabetes treatment

lose weight, oral medication, better diet

type 1 diabetes treatment

insulin