unit 2

What is population distribution?

Population distribution refers to the pattern of where people live. It can be influenced by various factors such as geography, resources, and economic opportunities.

What do we mean by demographic transition?

Demographic transition is a model that describes the transition from high birth and death rates to lower birth and death rates as a country develops.

What is a push factor?

A push factor is a negative aspect or condition that motivates one to leave a place for another, such as economic hardship or political instability.

What is a pull factor?

A pull factor is a positive condition or circumstance that attracts people to a new area, often related to economic opportunities or quality of life.

What is population distribution?

Population distribution refers to the pattern of where people live. It can be influenced by various factors such as geography, resources, and economic opportunities.

What do we mean by demographic transition?

Demographic transition is a model that describes the transition from high birth and death rates to lower birth and death rates as a country develops.

What is a push factor?

A push factor is a negative aspect or condition that motivates one to leave a place for another, such as economic hardship or political instability.

What is a pull factor?

A pull factor is a positive condition or circumstance that attracts people to a new area, often related to economic opportunities or quality of life.

Define urbanization.

Urbanization is the increasing number of people that live in urban areas, often resulting in the growth of cities.

What is migration?

Migration refers to the movement of people from one place to another, which can be either temporary or permanent.

What are demographic indicators?

Demographic indicators are statistical data that provide information about a population's structure, such as age, gender, and birth rates.

What is the dependency ratio?

The dependency ratio is a measure of the proportion of dependents (people younger than 15 or older than 64) to the working-age population (those aged 15 to 64).

What is a total fertility rate?

Total fertility rate (TFR) is the average number of children a woman would have in her lifetime based on current birth rates.

Define overpopulation.

Overpopulation occurs when a region's population exceeds the capacity of its environment to sustain it, leading to resource depletion and environmental degradation.

What is net migration rate?

Net migration rate is the difference between the number of immigrants and emigrants in a given year per 1,000 people in a population.

What does the term 'carrying capacity' refer to?

Carrying capacity is the maximum population size that an environment can sustain indefinitely without being degraded.

What are anti-natalist policies?

Anti-natalist policies are measures taken by a government to discourage births, often to control population growth.

What are pro-natalist policies?

Pro-natalist policies are measures taken by a government to promote higher birth rates, often in response to declining populations.

Define urban sprawl.

Urban sprawl refers to the uncontrolled expansion of urban areas into the surrounding rural land, often leading to increased traffic and environmental issues.

What is a population pyramid?

A population pyramid is a graphical representation of the age and sex distribution of a population, typically shown as two back-to-back histograms.

What is life expectancy?

Life expectancy is the average number of years a person is expected to live based on demographic factors such as the year of birth.

What does the term 'infant mortality rate' mean?

Infant mortality rate is the number of deaths of infants under one year old per 1,000 live births in a given year.

What is the significance of the age structure of a population?

The age structure of a population can indicate potential economic growth and social stability, affecting labor supply and social services.

What is rural to urban migration?

Rural to urban migration is the movement of people from the countryside to cities, often for better economic opportunities.

What influences population growth?

Population growth is influenced by birth rates, death rates, immigration, and emigration.

What is a megacity?

A megacity is typically defined as a city with a population of over 10 million people.

What are the consequences of population decline?

Population decline can lead to labor shortages, decreased economic productivity, and challenges in maintaining public services