Fundamental unit of life

Revision for the fundament of life

Organelle for STORAGE of WATER (and some food & waste). It is much bigger in a plant cell, and when empty it causes a plant to droop/wilt.

Vacuole

The part of the cell that CONTROLS/directs all cell activities, such as cell REPRODUCTION (because it has DNA:the recipe for making a cell). Brain/boss of the cell.

Nucleus

These organelles use oxygen to turn glucose sugar into ATP that the cell uses for ENERGY. Then it releases carbon dioxide waste gas. (cellular respiration) Lungs of the cell.

Mitochondria

A MITOCHONDRION absorbs this gas and uses this gas to (perform cellular respiration) release energy from food..

Oxygen

This organelle contains acid/enzymes that break down or digests food/nutrients, and old cell parts to be recycled into new cell parts. Not often found in plant cells.

Lysosome

The hard protective outer part of a plant cell that gives the cell it's flat-sided shape, and is made of rigid cellulose fibers.

Cell Wall

Semi-permeable (porous/tiny holes) layer that both plant and animal cells have, that allows good stuff like oxygen and food into the cell while letting out waste. In a plant, it lies just inside of the cell wall.

Cell Membrane

Cells reproduce by making copies of themselves and then splitting into 2 cells. This is where all cells come from.

Pre-existing Cells

How do all living things get ENERGY? (chemical energy)

Food

All cells are all made of similar materials, such as this ELEMENT. Organic molecules (protein, fat/lipids, nucleic acids, carbohydrates) mostly contain this.

Carbon

\_______, tissues, organ, organ system, organism. It is the simplest most basic unit of living things. All living things are made of these.

Cells

Cell, tissue, organ, organ system, \______. (A living thing.)

Organism

English scientist who first called them "cells" (while looking at dead cork plant under the microscope) in 1665.

Robert Hooke

Jellylike watery gel that fills the cell. Organelles float in this fluid/liquid.

Cytoplasm

The pressure of full vacuoles pushing outward, so plants stand up. Empty vacuoles cause wilting/drooping due to not enough of this kind of pressure.

Turgor Pressure

Cell parts that perform a function such as lysosomes, vacuoles, mitochondria, and nuclei.

Organelles

Chloroplasts, call wall and a large central vacuole

ONLY in plant cells

Part, how something is built, what it is made of

Structure

Job, what something does.

Function

Found inside the nucleus and produces rRNA

Nucleolus

System of internal membranes within the cytoplasm. Membranes are rough due to the presence of ribosomes. functions in transport of substances such as proteins within the cytoplasm

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

An endomembrane system where lipids are synthesized, calcium levels are regulated, and toxic substances are broken down.

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Makes proteins

Ribosomes

A system of membranes that modifies and packages proteins for export by the cell

Golgi apparatus

Located near the nucleus and help to organize cell division

Centrioles

Hairlike projections that extend from the plasma membrane and are used for locomotion

Cilia

whiplike tails found in one-celled organisms to aid in movement

Flagellum

A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles

Eukaryote

A unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane bound organelles

Prokaryote

organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy

Chloroplast

network of protein filaments within some cells that helps the cell maintain its shape and is involved in many forms of cell movement

Cytoskeleton

1. All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.

2. The cell is the basic unit of structure and organization in organisms.

3. Cells arise from pre-existing cells.

cell theory