Russia and Ottoman Empire (1750-1900)

Flashcards about Russia and the Ottoman Empire from 1750-1900

Who was the leader of Russia from 1762-1796?

Catherine the Great

What was the Pugachev Rebellion?

A peasant revolt in Russia.

Why did Catherine the Great oppose Enlightenment ideas after the French Revolution?

She began to see them as destabilizing after Louis XIV was executed. For reason, the Enlightment Ideals challenged the social and political order.

What war is a turning point?

Crimean War

Who was Russia fighting against in the Crimean War?

Ottoman Empire

Which countries sided with the Ottoman Empire to prevent Russian expansion?

France and Britain

What did the Crimean War expose in Russia?

Failure to industrialize

What was built in Russia relying on loans from Britain and France?

Trans-Siberian Railroad

What resources did Russia have?

Wheat, petroleum, iron, coal, minerals, and oil

What conflict revealed Russia's weakness?

Russo-Japanese War

What territories were in conflict between Russia and Japan?

Territory in Manchuria and Korea

What factors made it difficult to unify the Ottoman Empire?

Multiethnic and multicultural population

What was the Ottoman Empire referred to as?

"Sick man of Europe"

Characteristics of the Ottoman

Nationalist movements, loss of territory, weak central government, dependence on foreign loans, and European Interference

What were the Tanzimat Reforms?

Reforms in the Ottoman Empire to modernize and unify.

What type of ideas were the new constitution based on?

Secular/Western ideas

Why did Islamic scholars oppose the Tanzimat Reforms?

Conflict with Sharia Law- gave religious scholars powered authority

How did the Tanzimat Reforms affect women?

Reforms reduced influence of traditional gender roles under Sharia

Who was Muhammad Ali?

Attempted to hold power in Egypt (failed)

Who were the Mamluks?

Military elite who resisted after the fall of the Mamluk Sultanate.

What did Muhammad Ali do to modernize Egypt?

Tech Reforms: cotton industry, manufacturing weapons and improve military

Which country saw Egypt as a market for goods and wanted access to its cotton industry?

England

Which group utilizes European advisors to modimize and improve military?

Egypt

What was the Ahmad Orabi Revolt?

A nationalist uprising due to Egyptian resentment of foreign control and Khedive reliance on European advisors