Task 2_Crime and punishment

commit

làm/vi phạm

to do something illegal or something that is considered wrong

arrest

Bắt giữ

If the police arrest someone, they take them away to ask them about a crime that they might have committed

allegation

sự cáo buộc

a statement, made without giving proof, that someone has done something wrong or illegal

impeachment

(n) làm mất danh dự

the act of charging an important public figure with a serious crime

punishment

(n) hình phạt

an act or a way of punishing somebody

penalty

(n) hình phạt (dựa vào luật lệ cụ thể)

punishment for breaking a law, rule, or contract

suspected

(a) có nghi ngờ

believed to be guilty of a crime

deterrent

(v) ngăn chặn, răn = prohibere

something that makes somebody less likely to do something

condone

(v) tha thứ

community service

(phr) dịch vụ cộng đồng

work done without payment to help other people.

self-defense

(n) sự tự vệ

protection of yourself, either by fighting or discussion

assault

(v) tấn công

the crime of attacking somebody physically

repeat offender

(n) kẻ tái phạm

to talk about a person who reoffends their guilt.

motivation for crime

(n) động cơ phạm

the reason which is used to break the law

armed and dangerous

(noun phr) có vũ trang và nguy hiểm

To talk about a person who can hurt others because they may use or carry weapons

alcohol and drug abuse

(noun phr) lạm dụng rượu và ma túy

To use too much alcohol and drugs.

chance of rehabilitation

(noun phr) cơ hội phục hồi chức năng

a chance of helping someone to have a normal life after serving a prison sentence

law-abiding citizens

(n) công dân tuân thủ pháp luật

people who obey and respect the law

crime rate

(n) tỷ lệ phạm tội

*the number of crimes that are committed during a period of time in a particular place

crime of passion

(v) phạm tội vì đam mê

a crime committed because of very strong emotional feelings

policy of zero tolerance

(noun phr) chính sách không khoan nhượng

a policy of applying laws very strictly, so that every illegal action is punished, even if it is not very serious

tolerance

(n) sự khoan nhượng, bao dung

solitary confinement

(nP) biệt giam

a punishment in which someone is kept in a room alone, usually in a prison

mutilation

(n) sự cắt xẻo

the act of damaging something severely, especially by violently removing a part

suspended sentence

(n) án treo

a punishment given to a criminal in court that means that they will only go to prison if they commit another crime within a particular period of time

corporal punishment

(n) hình phạt thể xác

to punish by physically harming the offender

life imprisonment

(n) tù chung thân

the punishment of being put in prison for a very long time

capital punishment

(n) án tử hình

punishment by death; the death penalty.

forensic evidence

(n) bằng chứng pháp y

connected with the scientific tests conducted by the police when investigating a crime

minor crimes

(n) tội nhẹ

a type of crime that is not considered serious when compared with some other crimes

serious crime

tội phạm nghiêm trọng

type of crime that is really dangerous to society.

formative years

những năm đầu đời

A period of a person’s life, usually childhood, that has a big influence on the person they become later in life

deprivation

(n) sự tước đoạt

a situation in which you do not have things or conditions that are usually considered necessary for a pleasant life

a sense of safety and security

cảm giác an toàn và bảo mật

the condition of not being in danger

negative influences on individual families

ảnh hưởng tiêu cực đến từng gia đình

negative meaning bad; influences meaning effects; on individual families refers to each nuclear family - a couple and their children, rather than families in general;

juvenile crime

tội phạm vị thành niên

crime among young adults; youth crime

vengeance

sự trả thù

the punishment of someone for harming you or your friends or family, or the wish for such punishment to happen

criminal

(n) tội phạm

people who commit crimes; offender; lawbreaker

non-custodial sentence

bản án không giam giữ

a sentence which is not served in prison

the full weight of the law

toàn bộ sức nặng của luật pháp

all the strictest punishments available according to the laws of a country

torture

(n) sự tra tấn

the act of causing great physical or mental pain in order to persuade someone to do something or to give information, or to be cruel to a person or animal

potential criminal

tội phạm tiềm năng

Easily to break the law.

criminal activity

hoạt động tội phạm

Start breaking the law.

be wrongly convicted and sentenced

© bị kết án và tuyên án sai

Arrest and put the wrong person in jail.

commit crimes as a way of making a living

© phạm tội như một cách kiếm sống

The purpose of breaking the law is to pay living costs.

impose stricter

© áp đặt nghiêm ngặt hơn

more severe punishments on

be sent to reform school

© bị đưa đến trường cải tạo

a type of school where young people who have broken the law are sent instead of prison.

contest the verdict

© phản đối phán quyết

not agree with the decision of the jury after the trial of a case

put up bail

© nộp tiền bảo lãnh

pay an amount of money for the law courts so that the person accused of a crime can be released until their trial

engage in criminal activity

tham gia vào hoạt động tội phạm

to take part in unlawful acts

install surveillance camera

© lắp đặt camera giám sát

to install surveillance cameras

be released from jail

được thả khỏi tù

To talk about a person who has freedom after time in prison

sentence somebody to something

tuyên án ai đó về điều gì đó

to decide and say officially what a punishment will be

punish wrongdoer

trừng phạt kẻ làm sai

to punish people who do something illegal

put on probation

bị quản chế

to make a convicted person see an official at regular intervals to check on their good behavior, as an alternative to going to prison

be found guilty

bị kết tội

the court decided that the person did commit the crime

impose a ban on something

áp đặt lệnh cấm đối với cái gì đó

to enforce an official rule which says that something is not allowed

implement rehabilitation program

thực hiện chương trình phục hồi chức năng

a type of program which helps someone have a good life after they have been released from prison.

enforce the law

thực thi luật pháp

to make sure that the law is obeyed

release back into society

thả trở lại xã hội

to give freedom to prisoners who have finished their sentences

raise awareness of crime prevention

nâng cao nhận thức về phòng chống tội phạm

To boost citizen’s awareness about crime.

pose a serious threat to society

gây ra mối đe dọa nghiêm trọng cho xã hội

cause a lot of harm

show a propensity for crime

thể hiện khuynh hướng phạm tội

Criminal tendency.

serve a prison sentence

chấp hành án tù

to carry out confinement in prison as a punishment

be imprisoned

bị bỏ tù

to put someone in prison

convict a criminal

kết án một tội phạm

To find an offender guilty and to punish them

be summoned for judgment

được triệu tập để xét xử

to order someone to come to courts to judge

be soft on crime

hãy nhẹ tay với tội phạm

Not to impose strict punishments on offenders

reintegrate back into society

tái hòa nhập trở lại xã hội

help someone who has been separated from the general population due to reasons like imprisonment, military service, or rehabilitation return and adjust to normal societal life

provide education and vocational training

cung cấp giáo dục và đào tạo nghề

To supply programmes which are related to education and vocation.

appeal the verdict

kháng cáo phán quyết

Disagree with the decision of courts.